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182 BRADSTREET regular line. In 1746 he was made governor of St. John's, Newfoundland. In 1755 he was ordered to Oswego by Gen. Braddock, and acted as adjutant general to Gov. Shirley. In 1756, while carrying supplies, he was attacked by the enemy in force, but defeated them. He became lieutenant colonel and deputy quarter- master general in 1757, took part in the attack on Ticonderoga in 1 758, and soon after was made colonel and quartermaster general. In the same year he led an expedition against Fort Fron- tenac, and captured it by surprise. He served under Amherst in his expedition against Ticon- deroga and Crown Point in 1759, marched against the Indian tribes in the west and made a treaty with them at Detroit in 1764, and was made a major general in 1772. BRADSTREET, Simon, governor of Massachu- setts, born in Lincolnshire, England, in 1603, died at Salem, Mass., March 27, 1697. He was steward to the countess of Warwick, mar- ried Anne, daughter of Thomas Dudley, and engaged in the enterprise of founding a col- ony in Massachusetts. In March, 1630, he was chosen assistant judge, and arrived at Salem in the course of the summer. He became secre- tary, agent, and commissioner of the united'col- onies, and in 1662 was despatched to congratu- late Charles II. on his restoration, and look after their interests. He was assistant from 1630 to 1679, and from 1673 to 1679 deputy governor; then governor till 1686, when the charter was annulled. When Andros was imprisoned in April, 1689, he was restored tp the office, which he held till the arrival of Sir William Phipps in 1692, with the new charter, when he be- came first council. He was in public service 62 years, except during the brief administra- tions of Joseph Dudley and Andros. BRADSTREET, Simon, minister at Charlestown, Mass., born in 1669, died Dec. 31, 1741. He graduated at Harvard college in 1693, and at- tained a high rank as a preacher and a scholar. He was so subject to hypochondria aa to be afraid to preach from the pulpit, but spoke from the deacon's seat, without notes, usually upon the vanity of earthly things. BRADWARDIN, Bredewardlne, or Bredwardlne, Thomas, an English scholar and theologian, called "the profound doctor," died Aug. 26, 1349. He was a proctor at Oxford in 1325, and ulti- mately its chancellor, and afterward chaplain of the bishop of Durham, chancellor of the diocese of London, prebendary of Lincoln, chaplain to Edward III., and in 1349 arch- bishop of Canterbury. He was consecrated at Avignon in France, being at the time with the king in that country, and hastened to England to enter upon his duties, but died of the plague before his enthronement at Canterbury. He was especially distinguished as a mathemati- cian, and wrote several works on geometry, arithmetic, and the higher mathematics. But his principal work was his essay De Causa Dei, in which, according to some writers, he advanced doctrines nearly approaching those of the mod- BRAG- ern Protestants. A folio edition of this, edited by Sir Henry Savile, appeared in London in 1618. BRADY, James Topham, an American lawyer, born in New York city, April 9, 1815, died there, Feb. 9, 1869. His father emigrated from Ireland in 1812, and after teaching a classical school for some years became a lawyer and final- ly a judge. He educated his son himself, and at the age of 16 James had acquired sufficient knowledge of law to act as junior counsel to his father. He was admitted to the bar at the age of 20, and soon became distinguished for ability, legal learning, and eloquence. He was often intrusted with great civil cases, which he managed generally with success. But it was as a criminal lawyer that he gained the highest reputation. In a single week he defended four clients charged with murder, all of whom were acquitted. Of the 52 capital cases in which he was counsel, in only one was he unsuccess- ful, and in that his client was tried as a spy and a guerilla before a court martial. In poli- tics he was a zealous democrat, but he declined to accept any office but that of corporation counsel, which he considered a professional one. He consented in 1860, however, to be the can- didate of the ultra states rights party for gov- ernor, because there was no chance of his elec- tion. During the civil war he gave a general support to President Lincoln's administration, and near the close of it he accepted an appoint- ment as one of a commission to go to New Or- leans to investigate the management of the de- partment of the gulf under Gen. Butler and Gen. Banks. The commission made a volu- minous report, which has never been pub- lished. Mr. Brady wrote much for the maga- zines and other periodicals, and one of his con- tributions, which appeared in 1846 in the " New World," entitled "A Christmas Dream," sub- sequently became popular as a holiday book. BRADY, Nicholas, an English divine, born at Bandon, Ireland, Oct. 28, 1659, died at Rich- mond, near London, May 20, 1726. He was partly educated at Oxford, and partly at Trin- ity college, Dublin. In the revolution he sided with King William, who made him one of his chaplains. In 1726, just before his death, he published a poetical translation of Virgil's ^Eneid, now unknown; also a tragedy, and numerous sermons. His reputation mainly rests on a metrical version, in conjunction with Nahum Tate, of the Psalms of David. BRAG, a game at cards, deriving its name from the efforts of the players to impose upon the judgment of their opponents by boasting of better cards than they possess. The num- ber of players is usually from four to eight. The game is played with the entire pack of cards, which rank as at whist, except the knaves and nines. These are called "brag- gers," and rank the same as any cards they may be held with. Thus, an ace and two knaves or nines, or one of each, are called three aces; a deuce and two braggers, three deuces ; a king and one bragger, two kings, and