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BOLLINGER BOLOGNA 17 two interruptions (the first in 1773, when the order of Jesuits was abolished, and the second in the French revolution), the work reached 53 volumes. It was then for a time suspended, but resumed in 1837, under the patronage of the Belgian government, which appropriated annually 6,000 francs for the continuation of the work. Among the principal Bollandists, be- sides those already named, were Baert, Jan- ning, Bosch, Suyskens, Hubens, Berthod, and Ghesquiere. The 60th volume was published in 1867, in which year the Belgian government withdrew its annual appropriation. BOLLINGER, a S. E. county of Missouri, drained by affluents of Little river ; area, 500 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 8,162, of whom 46 were colored. The St. Louis and Iron Mountain railroad passes through it. The surface is gen- erally level and the soil fertile. The produc- tions in 1870 were 51,286 bushels of wheat, 395,953 of Indian corn, 135,986 of oats, and 32,- 210 Ibs. of tobacco. There were 2,579 horses, 2,173 milch cows, 3,306 other cattle, 9,808 sheep, and 18,938 swine. Capital, Dallas. BOLLIJLOS DEL COUDADO, a town of Spain, in the province and 20 m. N. E. of the city of Huelva; pop. about 5,000. The streets are narrow, but there is one public square. The town contains several churches, schools, and convents, a town hall, a prison, and a hospital. The principal products are wine, oil, and brandy. liiil I.HANV, Erie, a German physician and politician, born at Hoya, Hanover, in 1769, died in London in 1821. He practised medi- cine in Carlsruhe and in Paris, having settled in the latter city soon after the outbreak of the great revolution. He accompanied Count Narbonne in his flight to England in 1792. About this time Lafayette was seized by the Austrians after he had crossed the frontier to avoid arrest by the revolutionary agents, and had been imprisoned at Olmutz. Great pains were taken by the Austrians to keep the place of his detention secret, and for a long time his family and friends could not learn where he was. Lally-Tollendal, who was then a refugee in London, became acquainted with Dr. Boll- mann, and being greatly impressed with his courage and address engaged him to search for Lafayette. Bollmann for this purpose estab- lished himself as a physician in Vienna, and soon learned that Lafayette was at Olmutz. He now formed a plan to rescue him, in con- junction with Francis Kinlock Huger, a young South Carolinian then travelling in Austria, whose father was a personal friend of Lafay- ette. Dr. Bollmann made the acquaintance of the surgeon of the prison, and through him contrived to enter into correspondence with Lafayette, who at that time was allowed occa- sionally to take an airing in a carriage accom- panied by two soldiers. On one of these occa- sions Bollmann and Huger waylaid the carriage, drove away the guards, rescued the prisoner,, and mounted him on a horse, directing him to ride to Hoff, where they had stationed a car- riage in readiness to receive him. Lafayette misunderstood the instruction given to him, and riding in the wrong direction was re- captured and sent back to prison. Bollmann escaped into Prussia, but was soon arrested and delivered up to the Austrians, by whom he was confined for nearly a year, but at length released on condition of quitting the country. He went to the United States, where he was well received, but in 1806 became implicated in Aaron Burr's conspiracy. In 1814 he returned to Europe, and after a second visit to this country settled in London. He wrote several works on banking and on political economy. BOLOGNA. I. A province of Italy, bordering on Ferrara, Ravenna, Florence, and Modena; area, 1,391 sq. m. ; pop. in 1872, 439,166. Its S. boundary is formed by the range of the Apennines, from which descend many streams flowing across the province. Of these the prin- cipal is the river Reno, which enters the Po di Primaro near Ferrara. The river lands of the northeast are marshy and subject to floods. The plain of Bologna, in the middle of the province, is very productive, and the valleys and lower slopes of the Apennines are well cultivated. It produces grain, oil, wine, figs, hemp, flax, almonds, and chestnuts, and is celebrated for its silk. The chief minerals are marble, gypsum, chalk, and a sulphate of baryta called Bologna stone, which becomes strongly phosphorescent on being heated with charcoal. The peasants are seldom land own- ers, but hold their farms from father to son, for a yearly rent of one half the product and taxes. The province is divided into the districts of Bologna, Imola, and Vergato. II. A city (anc. Sononia), capital of the province, beautifully situated at the foot of the Apen- nines, between the rivers Savena and Reno, 185 m. N. by W. of Rome; pop. in 1872, 115,957. It is surrounded by walls aliout 6 m. in circuit, is 2 m. long and 1J m. broad, has 12 gates, and is divided into four quarters. The covered porti- cos or arcades, which afford protection in warm and rainy weather, present an animated appear- ance, especially in the modern part of the city ; while many of the larger thoroughfares look comparatively deserted. The Montagnuola is the only public promenade within the walls. The finest square is the market place, or piazza Vittorio Emmanuele (formerly piazza Maggiore or del Gigante), with a famous fountain. The portico de' Banchi on one side of this square, and continued under the name of Paraglione, forms a continuous arcade 300 ft. long, with some of the finest stores. In this neighbor- hood are many palaces, prominent among which are the palazzo pitbllico or del governo, and the palazzo del podestA, containing the archives, and having a lofty tower rising upon arcades. Many of the private palaces are hardly less remarkable for antiquity and works of art. Near the exchange is a large space, from which four streets branch off to the prin- cipal gates, and containing two famous leaning