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488 BUTESHIRE BUTLER days after he had been bitterly attacked by name in the "North Briton," Bute suddenly resigned. Retaining his influence over the king, he nominated his immediate successors ; but a cessation of all intercourse with his maj- esty soon followed, though for a long time after his influence was supposed to continue. Lord Bute went back into private life, passing his time between Scotland and England, with an occasional visit to the continent. The closing years of his life were spent in a villa on the coast in Hampshire. He had some literary tastes, gave a sinecure to Home, the author of "Douglas," granted a pension of 300 per an- num to Dr. Johnson, and published at his own expense (10,000) 9 quarto volumes delineating English botany, and after 12 copies were printed destroyed the plates. Bute's eldest son was created marquis of Bute in the British peerage in 1796. One of his grandsons was created Baron Wharnclift'e in 1826. Another (bom 1799, died Nov. 6, 1845) was created Baron Stuart de Rothesay in 1828, and was ambassador to France. II. John Patrick Crleli- ton Stnart, third marquis of, fourth in descent from the preceding, born Sept. 12, 1847. He succeeded his father March 18, 1848. lie is noted for his great wealth and for his many titles, including, besides the marquisate, three earldoms (Windsor, Bute, and Dumfries), two viscountships, six baronies and lordships, and a Nova Scotia baronetcy. In 1869 he joined the Roman Catholic church, and on April 16, 1872, married a lady of the same faith, a daughter of Lord Edward George Fitzalan Howard, the second son of the late duke of Norfolk. He purchased some land near Jerusalem for the endowment of an asylum for pilgrims, and is the reputed hero of Disraeli's "Lothair." BUTESHIRE, a county of Scotland, consisting of the islands of Bute, Arran, Inchmarnoch, and the Cumbrays, and the small islands of Lamlach and Pladda, in the frith of Clyde; area, 171 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 16,977. It re- turns one member to parliament. The inhabi- tants of these islands are principally engaged in agriculture and fishing; there are some quar- ries and coal mines. Rothesay, the county town, in the island of Bute, is a watering place. Bt'TLER, the name of eight counties in the United States. I. A W. county of Pennsylva- nia; area, 800 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 36,510. The surface is somewhat uneven, and the soil sandy, but yielding fair crops and affording good pasturage. Silk is produced to some ex- tent. Bituminous coal, iron, and limestone are abundant. The Alleghany river touches the N. E. and S. E. corners, and it is drained by affluents of Beaver river. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 294,464 bushels of wheat, 179,577 of rye, 453,894 of Indian corn, 1,099,- 163 of oats, 113,994 of buckwheat, 187,984 of potatoes, 52,567 tons of hay, 1,447,093 Ibs. of butter, and 224,220 of wool. There were 11,- 521 horses, 16,078 milch cows, 14,650 other cattle, 67,831 sheep, and 23,775 swine. Capi- tal, Butler (pop. 1,935), on Conequessing creek, 30 m. N. of Pittsburgh. II. A S. county of Alabama, drained by Sepulga and Pigeon rivers; area, about 875 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 14,981, of whom 6,391 were colored. The sur- face is hilly, and in great part covered with pine woods. It is traversed by the Mobile and Montgomery railroad. The chief productions in 1870 were 251,512 bushels of Indian corn, 60,116 of sweet potatoes, and 5,854 bales of cotton. There were 1,017 horses, 1,042 mules and asses, 2,344 milch cows, 3,682 other cattle, 2,281 sheep, and 11,245 swine. Capital, Green- ville. III. A S. W. county of Kentucky, inter- sected by Green river, which is here navigable by steamboats ; area, 500 sq. m. ; pop in 1870, 9,404, of whom 643 were colored. The surface is uneven, and the soil moderately fertile. The chief productions in 1870 were 13,875 bushels of wheat, 340,115 of Indian corn, 60,506 of oats, 20,583 Ibs. of wool, and 1,008,582 of to- bacco. There were 2,733 horses, 2,206 milch cows, 3,483 other cattle, 10,663 sheep, and 17,- 147 swine. Capital, Morgantown. IV. A S. AY. county of Ohio, bordering on Indiana, and intersected by the Miami river ; area, 455 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 39,912. Limestone well adapted for building purposes underlies the county, and water power is abundant. The Miami canal, and the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton, the Cincinnati, Richmond, and Chicago, and the Cincinnati and Indianapolis Junction railroads traverse it. The county contains a number of interesting monuments of the aboriginal inhabitants, chiefly on the banks of the Great and Little Miami rivers, described by Squier and Davis in "Monuments of the Mississippi Valley." At Oxford are the Miami university, a state institution, the Oxford fe- male college, and the Western female semi- nary. The chief productions in 1870 were 627,377 bushels of wheat, 1,716,862 of Indian corn, 229,621 of oats, 277,016 of barley, 113,- 135 of potatoes, 10,692 tons of hay, 126,977 Ibs. of tobacco, 25,856 of wool, and 548,878 of butter. There were 8,181 horses, 6,472 milch cows, 7,824 other cattle, 6,637 sheep, and 27,- 078 swine. Capital, Hamilton. V. A N. E. county of Iowa, drained by several branches of Red Cedar river ; area, 576 sq. m. ; pop in 1870, 9,951. The Dubuque and Sioux City railroad traverses the S. portion. The greater part is prairie. The chief productions in 1870 were 598,557 bushels of wheat, 422,448 of In- dian corn, 261,000 of oats, 46,739 of potatoes, 16,351 tons of hay, 15,752 Ibs. of wool, 268,273 of butter, and 26,519 of cheese. There were 3,922 horses, 3,439 milch cows, 4,460 other cattle, 3,952 sheep, and 6,522 swine. Capital, Bntler Centre. VI. A S. E. county of Mis- souri, bordering on Arkansas, hounded E. by St. Francis river, and intersected by the Big Black Water ; area, 560 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 4,298, of whom 21 were colored. The surface is level or moderately hilly. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 10,994 bushels of wheat,