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92 BORDEAUX BOREAS vessels of 129,762 tons entered, and 1,745 of 116,714 tons cleared. The red and white wines of the Gironde are exported almost altogether from Bordeaux. The average annual export from 1860 to 1865 was 13,861,976 gallons, of which 5,600,127 went to European ports, 1,822,362 to the United States, and the rest to other countries. The brandies exported from Bordeaux are produced mainly in the districts of Armagnac and Marmande. The principal distilleries are at Cognac, the best known be- ing those of Martell and Hennessy. The aver- age annual exportation from 1860 to 1864 was 1,598,211 gallons, of which 413,900 gallons went to European ports, 445,329 gallons to the United States, and the rest to other coun- tries. BORDEAUX, Duke of. See CHAMBOHD. BORDEAUX WINES. See FRANCE, WINES OF. BORDELAIS, a district of S. W. France, in the ancient province of Guienne, now form- ing a part of the department of the Gironde. The inhabitants of Bordeaux and its neigh- borhood are called the Bordelais ; and the same term is applied to the products of the district, of which wine and a breed of cattle resembling those of Holland are the principal. BORDEN, Simeon, an American engineer and mechanic, born at Fall River, Mass., Jan. 29, 1798, died there, Oct. 28, 1856. With very little instruction he mastered the principles of mathematics and mechanical science, and be- came a skilful engineer and one of the best mechanics of his day. In 1828 he took charge of a machine shop in Fall River, and in 1830 devised and constructed for the state of Massa- chusetts an apparatus for measuring the base line of the trigonometrical survey of that state, which at that time was the most accurate and convenient instrument of the kind extant. Mr. Borden assisted in the measurement of the base and in the subsequent triangulation. In 1834 he took charge of the work, and completed it in 1841. It was the first geodetic survey ever completed in this country, and its precision has since been proved by the coast survey. He afterward laid down the boundary lines be- tween Massachusetts and Rhode Island, con- structed several railroads, and published in 1851 'a volume entitled "A System of Useful Formulas, adapted to the Practical Operations of Locating and Constructing Railroads." In 1851 he accomplished a difficult feat by sus- pending a telegraph wire over a mile long, upon masts 220 ft', high, across the Hudson, from the Palisades to Fort Washington. BORDENTOWN, a township and village of Burlington county, New Jersey, on the Cam- den and Amboy railroad, 6 m. S. E. of Tren- ton ; pop. of the township in 1871, 6,041. The village lies pleasantly on an elevated plain on the left bank of the Delaware river, and contains several public and private schools. It is the terminus of the Delaware and Raritan canal, is connected by railroad with Trenton, and is a favorite place for excursions by steam- boat from Philadelphia. The extensive car shops, locomotive works, and general depot of supplies of the Camden and Amboy railroad are situated here. The mansion built by Joseph Bonaparte is in the neighborhood. BOKDLEY, John Beale, an American agricul- turist, born in 1728, died in Philadelphia, Jan. 25, 1804. He was a lawyer who devoted him- self to husbandry, and cultivated an estate on Wye island in Chesapeake bay. He published many essays and short treatises on agricultural topics, and established at Philadelphia in 1793 the first agricultural society in the United States. BORD0NE, Paride, a painter of the Venetian school, born at Treviso about 1500, died in Venice about 1570. He was for a time a pupil of Titian, and afterward studied the works of Giorgione. His own style, though not an imi- tation, is formed in a measure on the charac- teristics of these two artists. He attained special celebrity for his portraits. Several of his pictures are to be found in the gal- leries of Venice, including his masterpiece, the " Old Gondolier presenting a Ring to the Doge." BORE, the rapid rushing of the tide inland against the current of a river. This phenome- non takes place when a narrow river falls into a gradually widening estuary subject to high tides. At spring tides the great volume of water which enters the wide mouth of the estuary is compressed as it advances till it is several feet higher than the mouth of the river, up which it therefore rushes like a torrent. In England the bore is observed in the Severn and Trent rivers and in Solway frith. There is a remarkable bore in the Hoogly branch of the Ganges, where the current goes 70 m. in 4 hours ; also at the mouth of the Brahmapootra, where no boat ventures to navigate at spring tide, and at the mouth of the Indus. The rise of the tide in the bay of Fundy resembles a bore, and this phenomenon occurs in some of the smaller rivers on the coast of Brazil, as well as in the Amazon on a large scale. Boreas. (From a bass relief on the Temple of the Winds, Athens.) BOREAS, the Greek name of the north wind ; in mythology, son of Astraaus and Eos (Aurora),