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252 CHAMPLIN CHAMPOLLION LE JEUNE also a catechism in Huron, and prayers in Montagnais. Some copies bear date 1640. It was reprinted at Paris in 1830, without maps. As scholars required all the voyages to know what Champlain really wrote, two clergymen of Quebec, the abbes Laverdiere and Casgrain, well known for their historical studies, in 1870 published the whole series, in- cluding his Mexican voyage, in 6 vols. 4to, with notes and facsimiles of all the maps and illustrations. There is also in the Mercure Francais, vol. xix., his account, apparently, of the voyage of 1633. CHAMPLIN, Charles Josuah, a French painter, born at Les Andelys, June 6, 1825. He studied under Drolling, produced his first work, a fe- male portrait, in 1845, and subsequently suc- ceeded in delineations of Auvergnese moun- taineers, and in portraits and fancy pictures. His "First Roses," representing a semi-nude girl with fresh roses on her lap, attracted much attention in 1857, and was purchased for the Tuileries; and he was employed in 1860 in decorating that palace, and afterward the flow- er saloon and the bath room of the empress Eugenie in the Elysee. The excessive realism of his female figures led to the exclusion of his famous Aurore from the exhibition of 1859. Napoleon III. subsequently authorized the pub- lication of an engraving of it. CHAMPM ESLE. I. Marie Desmans, a French ac- tress, born in Rouen in 1644, died at Auteuil in 1698. Her father, the son of a president of the parliament of Normandy, being disin- herited on account of his mesalliance, and obliged to engage in business, she took to the stage, married an actor, and in 1669 went with her husband to Paris, where the reputation they had acquired in Rouen was increased by their performances. In 1670 she personated Hermione at the hotel de Bourgogne, and Racine, at first skeptical, became so delight- ed with her pathetic genius, that he gave her instruction in acting, caused her to play the principal characters of his tragedies, became her lover, and was said to have written Phedre for her. She was as celebrated for her beauty and amiability as for her genius and amours. The wits and courtiers thronged her house, and one lover succeeded another. Boileau, while extolling her genius, satirizes her as Claudia ; and when Racine was supplanted by the count de Clermont-Tonnerre, the wags said that her passion for the great dramatist had been deracinee par le tonnerre. She per- formed at the Comedie Francaise from the time of the foundation of the theatre in 1680 till a little while before her death. II. Charles Chevillet, popularly known as Champmesle, husband of the preceding, a French playwright and come- dian, born in Paris in 1645, died in 1701. He was the son of a tradesman, and after his mar- riage he acquired some fame as a comedian, especially in ridiculing the class of society from which he sprang. He was a friend of La Fon- taine, and was believed to have cooperated with him in writing plays. The most noted of his own productions was Le Parisien, a comedy performed in 1682, the success of which was mainly due to the performance by Madame Guerin, the widow of Moliere, of one of the principal parts. Notwithstanding his wife's unfaithfulness, he retained his lov for her, and died suddenly while he was having the anniversary of her death commemorated in the church. CHAMPOLLION - FIGEAC, Jacques Joseph, a French archaeologist, born at Figeac in 1778, died in the palace of Fontainebleau, May 9, 1867. He was at first librarian of the public library and professor of Greek literature at Grenoble. In 1828 he removed to Paris, be- ing appointed professor at the ecole des chartes, and keeper of the manuscripts in the royal library, which office he retained till 1848. In 1849 he was appointed librarian at the palace of Fontainebleau, and remained in that office till his death. He edited many valuable manu- scripts connected with the history of France, most of them under the patronage of the gov- ernment or the French historical society ; aided Sylvestre de Sacy and Dacier in several impor- tant publications ; and superintended the unfin- ished publications of his brother, especially the Orammaire egyptienne, the Dictionnaire hie- roglyphique, and the Voyage en gypte. In 1864 he completed, in 76 folio plates, his Mo- nographie du palais de Fontainebleau. His subsequent works include Le palais de Fon- tainebleau, &c. (2 vols., 1867), and Documents paleographiques relatifs a Vhistoire de* beaux- arts et des belles-lettres pendant le moyen dgc (1868). One of his sons, Amis CHAMPOLLION, has published a series of biographies and his- torical works, including Louis et Charles d/ Or- leans, &c. (2 vols., 1844). CHAJIPOLLION II JUNK. Jean Francois, a French Egyptologist, brother of the preceding, born at Figeac, Dec. 23, 1791, died in Paris, March 4, 1832. He studied so diligently under the direction of his brother that he perma- nently injured his left eye. His introduction to a new geographical work on Egypt (1807) increased the reputation which previous scien- tific disquisitions had established for him among the eminent orientalists of Paris, under whose guidance he perfected his acquirements. He commenced his studies of hieroglyphics in 1808, discovered the 25 Egyptian letters mentioned by Plutarch, and used them so skilfully in tran- scribing Coptic writings, that a member of the academy published them as an Egyptian work of the Antoninian period. In 1809 he became professor at the newly established university of Grenoble, when he began to announce and partly to publish the results of his researches, which made him celebrated as the founder of Egyptology, and especially of the science of hieroglyphics. The political events of 1815 led him to retire from his chair till 1818, when he resumed for a time his lectures on history and geography. Soon afterward he