Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IV.djvu/607

CINCINNATI 595 opened in 1869, and in 1873 had 5 instructors and 300 pupils. The telescope and property of the Cincinnati observatory, on Mount Adams, had been transferred to the university, and a site of four acres for a new observatory has been donated at Mount Lookout, near Linwood, 6 m. from the city. The Cincinnati Wesleyan college for females, established in 1842, has preparatory, academic, and collegiate depart- ments, and a department of music and of art. In 1872 there were 17 instructors, of whom 11 were females, and 200 pupils. St. Xavier col- lege, conducted by Jesuits, in 1872 had 317 pupils, of whom 145 were in the academic de- partment, 69 in the collegiate, 69 in the com- mercial, and 34 in the preparatory ; 18 instruc- tors, and a library of 12,000 volumes. The college possesses valuable chemical and philo- sophical apparatus, a museum, and a large mineralogical and geological collection. The Chickering classical and scientific institute, in George street, between Smith and John, one of the largest private schools for boys in the west, has a classical and a scientific course, each of five years, with 14 instructors and 201 pupils. Lane theological seminary (Presbyte- rian), occupying a site of seven acres on Walnut Hills, was organized in 1829, and had an endow- ment fund of $200,000, and a library of 12,000 volumes. In 1873 there were 5 professors and 38 students in the three classes. The med- ical college of Ohio, founded in 1819, in 1872 had 10 instructors, 226 pupils, and nearly 2,000 alumni. Cincinnati college has been suspend- ed since 1845, excepting its law school, which, with 5 professors, graduates about 30 students annually. Chief among other institutions are the theological seminary of Mount St. Mary's of the West (Roman Catholic), Mount Auburn, young ladies' institute, Cincinnati college of medicine and surgery, Ohio college of dental surgery, Eclectic medical institute, Miami med- ical college, organized in 1852, and Pulte med- ical college (homoeopathic), founded in 1872. There are four commercial colleges and two conservatories of music. Cincinnati has 11 public libraries, the most important of which is the so-called public library, occupying an imposing structure in Vine street. It is under the control of a board of seven managers, cho- sen by the board of education, and is main- tained by taxation for the free use of all citi- zens. The total number of volumes June 30, 1873, was 59,695, the increase during the pre- vious year having been 10,059 ; 239,487 vol- umes were taken out by 19,636 persons; ave- rage daily circulation, 765. Two large reading rooms on the lower floor are open 14 hours every day in the year, and are supplied with 310 periodicals, including 138 American, 96 English, 60 German, 12 French, 3 Dutch, and 1 Welsh. The reading room, in the third story, is supplied with 42 medical periodicals, and files of 37 current religious newspapers ; making, with duplicates, the total number of periodicals received 404, besides 37 newspapers. The reading rooms were first opened on Sun- day from 8 A. M. to 10 P. M., March 12, 1871. The number of Sunday issues for the year end- ing June 30, 1872, was 19,917. The young men's mercantile library association, founded in 1835, in 1872 had 34,362 volumes and 2,833 members. The increase for the year was 1,282 volumes and 95 active members. The total circulation of books was 59,024. In the read- ing room may be found 264 magazines and newspapers, of which 45 magazines and 30 newspapers are foreign. The library is open on Sunday. The law library, founded in 1847, contains 7,600 volumes. The mechanics' in- stitute library has 6,500 volumes, and a reading room. The Ohio philosophical and historical society has a library of 4,500 bound volumes, and 12,000 pamphlets and unbound volumes. There are six large musical associations, seven dramatic and reading clubs, and one literary club. The natural history society, recently or- ganized, has a fine cabinet, and the nucleus of a library and a building fund. The historical and philosophical society, organized Dec. 31, 1831, has apartments in College building. Its object is to collect and preserve materials for Ameri- can history, and it has 87 members. The chamber of commerce, merchants' exchange, an influential and powerful commercial or- ganization, of 1,200 members, meets daily ; the board of trade, 850 members, composed of man- ufacturers ; the mechanics' institute, composed largely of machinists, and the pork packers' association, are important organizations. Be- sides these, nearly every considerable branch of business has its own organization. Under the management of a board appointed by the chamber of commerce, board of trade, and mechanics' institute, three successive industrial expositions have been held yearly, the last in September, 1873. The buildings cover 3 acres of ground in the heart of the city, and have 7 acres of space for exhibiting. The young men's Christian association occupies a building in Vine street, containing free reading, conversa- tion, and amusement rooms. Daily religious services are held here, and free lectures and concerts are given. Here also are a free em- ployment agency, and a boarding-house direc- tory. In 1872 the total attendance was 68,539. The chief places of public amusement are Pike's opera house, Mozart hall, Robinson's opera house, Hopkins music hall, National theatre, and Wood's theatre. There were 75 newspapers and periodicals published in Cin- cinnati in 1873, as follows : 9 daily, of which 3 were in German ; 1 semi-weekly ; 42 weekly, including 4 German ; 21 monthly, including 1 German, and 1 quarterly. There are 160 church edifices in the city, distributed as follows : Baptist, 14 ; Christian, 2 ; Congregational, 4 ; Disciples of Christ, 4 ; Friends, 2 ; German Evangelical Union, 4 ; German Reformed, 3 ; Independent Methodist, 1 ; Hebrew, 5 ; Lu- theran, 4 ; Methodist Episcopal, 26 ; Metho- dist Protestant, 3 ; Calvinistic Methodist, 1 ;