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CLARENDON PARK CLARK 635 effected his return to power in 1858, when he was succeeded by the earl of Malmesbury. In 1861 he was named ambassador extraordinary to attend the coronation of King William of Prussia. In March, 1864, he rejoined Palnier- ston's cabinet as chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster. He afterward entered upon a pri- vate mission to the emperor Napoleon at Vichy, and as joint plenipotentiary repre- sented England at the conference of Lon- don having for its object the cessation of hostilities between Germany and Denmark on the Schleswig-IIolstein question. In No- vember, 1865, Lord Russell having succeeded Lord Pahnerston as prime minister, Clarendon again became secretary of state for foreign af- fairs, and continued in that office until the for- mation of a new government by Lord Derby in July, 18(56. In the beginning of 1868 he acted as an envoy to the pope and King Victor Emanuel of Italy, to prevent if possible the im- pending conflict, and announced that in case of war England would maintain a friendly neiitrality with France. On the accession of Mr. Gladstone to power in 1868, Lord Claren- don was again appointed foreign secretary, and retained the office till his death. In January, 1869, he resumed with the American minister, Reverdy Johnson, the negotiations which had been conducted by Lord Stanley in the matter of the Alabama claims, which were now concluded by the so-called "Johnson-Clarendon treaty." This treaty was advocated by Clarendon with great zeal in the house of lords, but was re- jected almost unanimously by the senate of the United States. His eldest son having died in 1846, he was succeeded in the earldom by his second son, EDWARD HYDE VILLIEES, born Feb. 11, 1846, who had previously represented in parliament the borough of Brecknock. CLARENDON PARK, an extra-parochial liberty and anciently a royal forest of Wiltshire, Eng- land. In a royal palace or hunting seat here, some traces of which yet remain, Henry II. held .the council which enacted in 1164 the celebrated constitutions of Clarendon, aiming to repress the powe'r of the clergy. It gave the title of earl to Lord Chancellor Hyde. I'LARET. See FKANCE, WINES OF. CLARETIE, Jules irnand, a French author, born in Limoges, Dec. 3, 1840. He was edu- cated in Paris, and became a journalist and lecturer, but was forbidden to deliver public addresses in 1865 and again in 1868, and in the latter year he was also subjected to penalties for some of his publications on account of their ultra-republicanism. As a friend of Victor Noir he appeared as a witness in the trial of Prince Pierre Bonaparte at Tours in March, 1870. In the early part of the Franco-German war he followed the army as correspondent for the Assemblee Nationale, and after the downfall of the second empire he officiated for a time as chief of the communal libraries in the hotul de ville. At the election of Feb. 8, 1871, he was defeated as a candidate for the national assembly, and in February, 1872, he found- ed the Corsaire newspaper. He has written Voyages cPun Parisien (1865) ; Mademoiselle Cachemire (1867) ; Les derniers montagnards, a historical essay (1867) ; Lafamille des gueux and Raymond Lindey, dramas in which he had colaborers (1869) ; Paris assiege tableaux et souvenirs (1871); Histoire de la guerre de 1870-1871 (2 vols., 1872) ; and Le roman dcs soldats (1872). CLARI, Giovanni Carlo Maria, an Italian com- poser, born in Pisa in 1669, died in the first half of the 18th century. He studied under Colonna, became a chapelmaster, and composed in 1685 an opera, It savio delirante, which was favorably received at Bologna. He composed and arranged church music, whence he was called Abbate Clari, and acquired celebrity by his chamber duets and trios, published in 1720. CLARINET, a musical wind instrument of wood, played through a reed, with holes and keys for the fingers. Its compass extends from E below the F clef to about three octaves above, although its powers are not equal throughout. It is heard to best advantage in the keys of C and F, in which most of the music for it is written. Its invention is as- cribed to Johann Christoph Denner, of Leipsic, who died in 1707. CLARION, a N. W. county of Pennsylvania ; area, 600 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 26,537. It is bounded S. W. by Alleghany river, which is here navigable by steamboats, and intersected by the Clarion, from which it is named. The soil is good, and the surface either undulating or hilly. Bituminous coal, iron, and limestone are found in the county, and timber of various kinds is abundant. The Alleghany Valley railroad traverses it. The chief productions in 1870 were 152,172 bushels of wheat, 99,339 of rye, 251,183 of Indian corn, 607,290 of oats, 46,139 of buckwheat, 57,678 of potatoes, 28,- 104 tons o$ hay, 565,070 Ibs. of butter, and 88,787 of wool. There were 6,718 horses, 7,877 milch cows, 10,858 other cattle, 29,844 sheep, and 12,908 swine. There were 27 saw mills, 16 boat-building establishments, 9 manu- factories of pig iron and castings, 5 of agricul- tural implements, 13 of carriages, 8 of saddlery and harness, 2 of woollen goods, 3 distilleries, 15 tanneries, and 13 currying establishments. Capital, Clarion. CLARK, the name of five counties in the United States. I. A S. E. county of Missis- sippi, bordering on Alabama, watered by the Chickasawha river ; area, 650 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 7,505, of whom 3,432 were colored. The surface is somewhat hilly, and occupied partly by pasture lands. The Mobile and Ohio rail- road passes through it. The chief productions in 1870 were 62,721 bushels of Indian corn, 1,929 of oats, 12,922 of sweet potatoes, 1,142 bales of cotton, and 9,609 Ibs. of rice. There were 356 horses, 879 milch cows, 2,191 other cattle, 1,092 sheep, and 3,760 swine. There were 5 saw mills and 2 woollen mills. Capital,