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90 CASTROGIOVANNI CASWALL CASTROGIOVAJWI, or Castro Giovanni (anc. Enna, from one form of the name of which, Catrum Ennce, corrupted by the Arabs to Cassar Jdnna, the modern designation comes), a city of Sicily, in the province and 13 m. N. E. of Caltanisetta ; pop. about 15,000. It is situated on the level summit of a precipitous and rocky height in the centre of the island, 4,000 ft. above the sea, and is the highest in- habited site in Sicily, Its situation rendered it in ancient times one of the strongest natural fortresses in the world, and during the middle ages it bore the name of V Inespugndbile (the Impregnable). The appearance of the mod- CaatroglovannL era town is mean and wretched ; the dwellings are generally dilapidated, and have a dingy and stained appearance largely attributable to climatic influences. The old feudal fortress of Enna, erected in the 13th century by Frederick II. of Aragon, is the chief edifice. The height of Enna was the fabled birthplace of Ceres, and the site of her most famous temple. About 5 m. distant is the lake of Pergusa, where Proser- pine, according to the poets, was carried off by Pluto. During the first servile war, about 100 B. 0., the insurgent slaves made Enna their headquarters. CASTRIWIO-CASTRACANI, a leader of the Ghi- bellinesin Italy, born in Lucca about 1282, died Sept. 3, 1328. He was a member of the noble Antelminelli family, and in childhood was ban- ished with his relatives by the Guelphs. His military exploits in France, England, and Lom- bardy led to his being placed at the head of the Ghibellines in Lucca ; but his ally, Uguc- cione de la Faggiola of Pisa, after having aided him in putting down the Guelphs, sacked Luc- ca, and put him in prison, from which he was released by the people rising against Uguccione and expelling him and his followers. Castruc- cio was elected governor of Lucca, and during the 15 years of his administration was engaged in warfare with Florence, with a view of es- tablishing his supremacy over the Ghibellines of Tuscany. Louis IV., emperor of Germany, rewarded his services by investing him with the rank of duke of Lucca, count of the Late- ran, and Roman senator; but Pope Boniface VIII. resented his victories over the Guelphs by excommunicating him shortly before bis death. Nicol6 Negrini (Modena, 1496), Wie- land (Leipsic, 1779), and Mannzzi (Rome, 1820) have published works relating to him ; but the most celebrated is that by Machiavelli (French translation by Dreux du Radier, La vie de Castruccio-Castracani, Paris, 1753). ( SKK.. See CASBIN. CASWALL, Henry, an English clergyman and author, born at Yateley, Hampshire, in 1810, died in January, 1871. He was the son of a clergyman, received his early education in England, and subsequently went to the United States. He received the degree of B. A. at Ken- yon college, Ohio, in 1830, and that of M. A. in 1834, and was ordained in 1837 by the bishop of Indiana. He was engaged as minister and professor of theology in the United States and Canada till 1842, when he returned to Eng- land. The disabilities of his American ordina- tion were removed by a private act of parlia- ment, and in 1848 he became vicar of Fighel- dean, Wiltshire, and subsequently proctor in convocation for the diocese of Sarum, and pre- bendary of Salisbury cathedral. In 1854 he received the degree of M. A. from the uni- versity of Oxford, and on revisiting the Uni- ted States in the same year that of D. D. from Trinity college, Hartford. He published