416
COTTON MANUFACTURE
of the per capita production of $363, or 38½ per cent. With this gain of 38 per cent. in the value of the product of each hand, the average hand gets 47 per cent. more wages. The condition of the cotton manufacturing interest in the United States in 1870 is shown by the following table from the census report, which is regarded by leading authorities as very accurate:
| STATES. AND TERRITORIES. |
Establishments. | Steam engines, horse power. |
Water wheels, horse power. |
MACHINES. | Hands employed. |
Males above 16. |
Females above 15. |
Youth. | Capital. | Wages. | ||
| Looms. | Frame spindles. |
Mule spindles. | ||||||||||
| The U. States | 956 | 47,117 | 99,191 | 157,310 | 3,694,477 | 3,437,938 | 135,369 | 42,790 | 69,637 | 22,942 | $140,706,291 | $39,044,132 |
| Alabama | 13 | 175 | 824 | 632 | 19,802 | 8,244 | 1,032 | 303 | 445 | 284 | 931,000 | 216,679 |
| Arkansas | 2 | 15 | 10 | ........ | 125 | 1,000 | 17 | 8 | 3 | 6 | 13,000 | 4,100 |
| Connecticut | 111 | 860 | 10,840 | 11,943 | 294,760 | 302,382 | 12,086 | 4,443 | 4,734 | 2,909 | 12,710,700 | 3,246,783 |
| Delaware | 6 | 500 | 370 | 771 | 18,634 | 10,900 | 726 | 225 | 286 | 215 | 1,165,000 | 190,069 |
| Georgia | 34 | 290 | 2,920 | 1,887 | 74,148 | 11,454 | 2,846 | 1,147 | 1,080 | 619 | 3,433,265 | 611,866 |
| Illinois | 5 | 47 | 90 | 16 | 1,856 | ........ | 98 | 26 | 31 | 41 | 151,000 | 25,500 |
| Indiana | 4 | 1,081 | 80 | 448 | 17,360 | ........ | 504 | 119 | 179 | 206 | 551,500 | 113,200 |
| Iowa | 1 | 6 | ...... | ........ | ........ | ........ | 6 | 3 | 3 | ........ | 1,500 | 275 |
| Kentucky | 5 | 330 | 60 | 72 | 7,060 | 674 | 269 | 77 | 71 | 121 | 405,000 | 57,951 |
| Louisiana | 4 | 255 | ...... | 292 | 10,200 | 2,884 | 246 | 123 | 57 | 66 | 592,000 | 60,600 |
| Maine | 23 | 320 | 8,018 | 9,902 | 259,594 | 200,178 | 9,439 | 2,606 | 6,246 | 587 | 9,839,685 | 2,565,197 |
| Maryland | 22 | 1,510 | 1,991 | 1,947 | 82,212 | 6,900 | 2,860 | 688 | 1,452 | 720 | 2,734,250 | 671,983 |
| Massachusetts | 191 | 17,217 | 32,310 | 55,343 | 1,255,552 | 1,363,989 | 43,512 | 13,694 | 24,065 | 5,758 | 44,714,375 | 13,589,305 |
| Mississippi | 5 | 270 | 96 | 152 | 2,526 | 1,000 | 265 | 78 | 88 | 99 | 751,500 | 61,833 |
| Missouri | 3 | 375 | ...... | 415 | 16,015 | 700 | 361 | 107 | 154 | 100 | 489,200 | 120,300 |
| New Hampshire | 36 | 915 | 17,777 | 19,091 | 447,795 | 302,048 | 12,542 | 3,752 | 7,490 | 1,300 | 13,332,710 | 3,989,853 |
| New Jersey | 27 | 1,799 | 1,260 | 2,176 | 107,542 | 93,038 | 3,514 | 1,086 | 1,745 | 683 | 2,762,000 | 1,009,351 |
| New York | 81 | 4,898 | 5,202 | 17,218 | 131,380 | 361,193 | 9,144 | 2,608 | 4,546 | 1,990 | 8,511,836 | 2,626,131 |
| North Carolina | 33 | 120 | 1,533 | 618 | 37,957 | 1,940 | 1,453 | 258 | 916 | 279 | 1,030,900 | 182,951 |
| Ohio | 7 | 305 | 81 | 208 | 14,320 | 8,920 | 462 | 216 | 147 | 99 | 555,700 | 113,520 |
| Pennsylvania | 138 | 7,440 | 1,983 | 12,862 | 232,528 | 201,718 | 12,730 | 3,859 | 6,097 | 2,774 | 12,550,720 | 3,496,986 |
| Rhode Island | 139 | 7,391 | 10,726 | 18,075 | 503,797 | 539,445 | 16,745 | 5,583 | 8,028 | 3,134 | 18,834,300 | 5,224,650 |
| South Carolina | 12 | ...... | 955 | 745 | 34,683 | 257 | 1,123 | 289 | 508 | 326 | 1,337,000 | 257,680 |
| Tennessee | 28 | 470 | 676 | 313 | 22,485 | 5,438 | 890 | 252 | 463 | 175 | 970,650 | 178,156 |
| Texas | 4 | 268 | ...... | 235 | 8,478 | 400 | 291 | 184 | 52 | 55 | 496,000 | 68,211 |
| Utah | 3 | ...... | 39 | 11 | 1,020 | ........ | 16 | 10 | 2 | 4 | 42,000 | 6,300 |
| Vermont | 8 | 50 | 600 | 628 | 16,582 | 12,236 | 451 | 125 | 242 | 84 | 670,000 | 125,000 |
| Virginia | 11 | 210 | 750 | 1,310 | 76,116 | 1,000 | 1,741 | 921 | 507 | 313 | 1,128,000 | 229,750 |
The amount of cotton used, the value of all materials, and the amount of the most important products, together with the value of all products, were as follows:
| STATES AND TERRITORIES. |
MATERIALS. | PRODUCTS. | All products. |
Value of all products. | ||||||
| Cotton used. |
Value of all materials. |
Sheetings, shirtings, and twilled goods. |
Lawns and fine muslins. |
Print cloth. |
Yarn not woven. |
Warps. | Ginghams and checks. | |||
| Pounds. | Dollars. | Yards. | Yards. | Yards. | Pounds. | Yards. | Yards. | Pounds. | Dollars. | |
| The U. States | 398,308,257 | 111,786,936 | 478,204,513 | 34,533,462 | 489,250,053 | 30,301,087 | 73,018,045 | 39,275,244 | 349,314,592 | 177,489,739 |
| Alabama | 3,249,523 | 764,965 | 4,518,403 | .......... | .......... | 548,750 | .......... | 1,039,321 | 2,843,000 | 1,088,767 |
| Arkansas | 66,400 | 13,780 | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | ......... | 53,125 | 22,562 |
| Connecticut | 31,747,309 | 8,818,651 | 52,655,693 | 8,338,677 | 34,279,875 | 1,281,780 | 11,367,664 | 1,671,309 | 27,296,710 | 14,026,334 |
| Delaware | 2,587,615 | 704,733 | 2,396,000 | .......... | .......... | 1,475,600 | .......... | 306,600 | 2,437,649 | 1,060,898 |
| Georgia | 10,921,176 | 2,504,758 | 13,739,847 | .......... | .......... | 4,097,167 | .......... | 1,653,434 | 9,596,800 | 3,648,973 |
| Illinois | 857,000 | 177,525 | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | 1,305,000 | ......... | 739,000 | 279,000 |
| Indiana | 2,070,318 | 542,875 | 3,831,059 | .......... | .......... | 74,880 | 3,600,000 | ......... | 1,779,481 | 778,047 |
| Iowa | 20,000 | 4,950 | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | ......... | 18,000 | 7,000 |
| Kentucky | 1,584,625 | 375,048 | .......... | .......... | .......... | 637,000 | 530,000 | ......... | 1,389,000 | 498,960 |
| Louisiana | 748,525 | 161,485 | 438,800 | .......... | .......... | 112,000 | .......... | 926,000 | 629,025 | 251,550 |
| Maine | 25,887,771 | 6,746,780 | 65,614,092 | .......... | .......... | 490,450 | 78,000 | ......... | 23,627,155 | 11,844,181 |
| Maryland | 12,693,647 | 3,409,426 | 18,839,625 | 2,358,454 | .......... | 1,247 | 90,550 | 564,246 | 10,496,677 | 4,852,808 |
| Massachusetts | 130,654,040 | 37,371,599 | 22,123,147 | 12,434,858 | 229,613,105 | 2,108,952 | 33,712,996 | 13,690,000 | 113,803,458 | 59,493,153 |
| Mississippi | 580,764 | 123,568 | 407,788 | .......... | 1,712 | 275,461 | .......... | 206,202 | 529,573 | 234,445 |
| Missouri | 2,196,600 | 481,745 | 2,150,000 | .......... | .......... | 1,044,000 | 14,000 | ......... | 1,949,900 | 798,050 |
| New Hampshire | 41,469,719 | 12,318,867 | 89,326,701 | 75,000 | 40,843,969 | 132,200 | .......... | 1,845,199 | 35,003,432 | 16,999,672 |
| New Jersey | 7,920,035 | 1,964,758 | 4,174,000 | 2,442,000 | 11,000,000 | 1,729,075 | 3,120,950 | 880,000 | 6,728,748 | 4,015,768 |
| New York | 24,783,351 | 6,990,626 | 25,382,532 | 1,327,336 | 82,335,833 | 250,076 | 5,097,000 | ......... | 22,113,630 | 11,178,211 |
| North Carolina | 4,238,276 | 963,809 | 3,954,607 | .......... | .......... | 2,180,062 | 1,486,000 | ......... | 3,444,166 | 1,345,052 |
| Ohio | 2,226,400 | 493,704 | 1,294,500 | .......... | .......... | 957,900 | 810,000 | ......... | 1,918,000 | 681,835 |
| Pennsylvania | 32,953,318 | 10,724,052 | 65,706,865 | .......... | 9,704,795 | 4,510,486 | 2,944,335 | 15,101,170 | 32,494,857 | 17,490,080 |
| Rhode Island | 44,630,787 | 13,268,315 | 77,973,206 | 7,557,137 | 75,183,628 | 6,155,692 | 6,281,150 | ......... | 38,503,060 | 22,049,203 |
| South Carolina | 4,756,823 | 761,469 | 8,273,900 | .......... | .......... | 808,781 | 260,000 | ......... | 4,125,210 | 1,529,937 |
| Tennessee | 2,872,582 | 595,789 | 1,976,450 | .......... | .......... | 1,229,098 | .......... | ......... | 2,381,477 | 941,542 |
| Texas | 1,077,118 | 216,519 | 739,778 | .......... | .......... | 46,175 | .......... | 1,261,769 | 887,695 | 374,598 |
| Utah | 23,500 | 7,051 | 700 | .......... | .......... | 21,280 | .......... | ......... | 23,195 | 16,803 |
| Vermont | 1,235,652 | 292,269 | 142,000 | .......... | 6,287,136 | .......... | 2,320,400 | ......... | 1,051,000 | 546,510 |
| Virginia | 4,255,383 | 937,820 | 12,544,820 | .......... | .......... | 132,975 | .......... | 130,000 | 3,456,569 | 1,435,800 |
