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792 DEMIURGE merit equipped at his own expense during the invasion of Napoleon, and was made colonel, count, and privy councillor. He enlarged the wealth of his family by mining enterprises, add- ed to the collections of the Moscow university a new cabinet of natural history, and contrib- uted to the construction of four bridges at St. Petersburg. A collection of his pamphlets, entitled Opuscules d'economie politique et privee, was published at Paris in 1830. V. Anatoli, son of the preceding, born in Florence about 1812, died in Paris, April 29, 1870. He was educated in France, travelled through southern Russia and adjoining countries, was made prince of San Donate by the grand duke of Tuscany, and in 1841 married the princess Mathilde de Montfort, daughter of Jerome Bonaparte and Catharine of Wurtemberg. While he lived in Paris after his marriage, his house was the resort of literary men, artists, and other persons of distinction. Having agreed to bring up his children as Roman Catholics, contrary to the rules of his own country and religion, he lost for some time the favor of the emperor Nicholas, and was sum- moned home to answer for this offence, but was soon allowed to continue his residence in foreign countries, and lived alternately in France and Italy. His marriage, however, had no issue, and was dissolved in 1845. On the outbreak of the Russian war against Tur- key in 1853, he was attached to the Russian legation at Vienna, and made councillor of state. He was liberal with his wealth, and spent considerable sums in the causes of charity and science. He founded an agricultural col- ony for the cultivation of the vine in the Crimea. He wrote in part the Voyage dans la Russie meridionale et la Crimee, par la Hongrie, la Valachie, et la Moldavie (4 vols., Paris, 1839- '41), in which he was assisted by several French scholars and artists who accompanied him, and which was translated into several European DEMIURGE. See GNOSTICS. DEMOTE. I. Hermann Christoph Gottfried, a Ger- man theologian and poet, born at Muhlhausen, Sept. 7, 1760, died in Altenburg, Dec. 26, 1822. He became chief director of the ecclesiastical and educational department of the duchy of Altenburg, and wrote under the name of " Karl Stelle " several popular novels and tales, and many religious songs. II. Charles Rudolph, an American clergyman, son of the preceding, born at Muhlhausen, April 10, 1795, died in Philadel- phia, Sept. 1, 1863. He was destined for the law, and studied at Altenburg, Gottingen, and Halle, but entered the army, and was severely wounded at Waterloo. He afterward studied theology, came to America in 1818, and in the following year became pastor of a Lutheran church at Hummelstown, Pa., but in 1822 re- moved to Philadelphia, where for 37 years he was associate pastor of St. Michael's and Zion's churches. He was eminent as a pulpit orator and scholar, and edited a German translation DEMOCEDES of Josephus, to which he added a large num- ber of notes. III. Wilhelm Ludwig, brother of the preceding, a German jurist, born in Al- tenburg, March 20, 1801. He has practised law at Altenburg, Jena, and Wtirzburg, and written Das Buck der VerlrecJien (4 vols., Leipsic, 1851 ; new ed., 1852-'3). IV. Hermann, brother of the preceding, born in 1803, was professor of medicine at the university of Bern, where he died Jan. 18, 1867. V. Karl Hermann, son of the preceding, born about 1831, died at Nervi, near Genoa, in November, 1864. He was a physician at Bern, and wrote several medical works, the principal of them being Militar-chirurgiscJie Studien (2 vols., Wiirz- burg, 1861). In October, 1864, he was tried for poisoning one of his patients named Trum- py, to whose widow he became affianced. He was acquitted, but fled from Bern in company with the woman, and both of them committed suicide at an inn. DEMMIN, a town of Prussia, in the province of Pomerania, situated in a valley on the fron- tier of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 70 m. N. W. of Stettin, on the bank of the river Peene ; pop. in 1871, 9,050. It consists of the town proper and three suburbs, and has manufactories of woollens, linens, hats, and hosiery, and an ac- tive trade in tobacco, corn, and timber. The town proper is surrounded by a wall with three gates, and was a place of great importance in the time of Charlemagne. It has sustained numerous sieges, suffered severely during the thirty years' war, and was in 1807 the scene of several engagements between the French and Prussians. DEMM1T, a S. W. county of Texas, intersect- ed by the river Nueces ; area, 1,050 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 109, of whom 6 were colored. Water and timber are scarce. The grass is fine, and stock raising may be successfully pur- sued, but only a small portion of the land along the river can be profitably cultivated. The total value of farm products in 1870 was $79,- 050. The number of cattle was 15,591. DEMOCEDES, a Greek physician, born at Cro- tona, in Magna Grsecia, about 550 B. C. The severity of his father, Calliphon, caused him to leave his home and settle at ^Egina, where he was very successful. Thence he went on invi- tation to Athens, and soon afterward he entered the service of Polycrates, tyrant of Samos. Ac- companying his patron on his visit to Orcetes, satrap of Sardis, he was seized with him by the latter, who put Polycrates to death, and sent Democedes as a slave to Susa, where he sud- denly gained great favor and rich rewards by successfully curing the sprained foot of Darius Hystaspis, after that monarch's own physicians had failed. Democedes wished to return home, but the king would not grant him permission. Atossa, the principal wife of Darius, was aiflict- ed with a tumor on the breast, and called in the Greek, who promised to cure her if she would swear to do for him anything he might ask. The cure having been effected, he asked per-