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DODSLEY DOG 177 of the Oropus. Before the erection of the temple, which was dedicated to Jupiter, the mysterious sayings of the deity were uttered from the whispering branches of a large oak tree ; and the old poets ascribed to the oak grove at Dodona the power of speech. The temple was destroyed by the ^Etolians under Dorimachus, 219 B. C., but it was rebuilt, and is mentioned by Pausanias as standing in the 2d century of our era. A town of this name existed as late as the 6th century. Accord- ing to Lucretius, the fountain near the temple at Dodona was inflammable. DODSLEY, Robert, an English publisher and author, horn at Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, in 1703, died in Durham, Sept. 25, 1764. He was originally a servant, but produced in 1732 a volume of poems, under the title of " The Muse in Livery,' 1 and subsequently a dramatic piece called " The Toy Shop," which met with the approbation of Pope, and was acted with great success at Oovent Garden theatre in 1735. He then became a bookseller. Patron- ized by Pope, his shop became in time one of the leading establishments in the British me- tropolis. In 1737 he brought out a farce styled "The King and the Miller of Mansfield," which was received with applause at Drury Lane ; and a few years subsequently a ballad farce entitled " The Blind Beggar of Betlmal Green. v In 1746 he projected " The Museum, or the Literary and Historical Register," which numbered among its contributors some of the most eminent literati of the day. In 1748 he started another periodical called "The Pre- ceptor," the preface of which was written by Dr. Johnson, and in 1749 he paid the latter 15 guineas for his " Vanity of Human Wishes." In 1750 he published " The Economy of Hu- man Life," which was ascribed by some to Lord Chesterfield. In 1758 his tragedy of " Oleone " was represented at Covent Garden theatre, on which occasion Dr. Johnson de- clared that " if Otway had written it, none of his other pieces would have been remembered." It went though four editions in a year. In the same year, in connection with Edmund Burke, he started the "Annual Register," which is still published. He was the first to collect and republish the " Old English Plays " (1st ed. edited by T. Coxeter, 1744; 2d ed. by Isaac Reed, 12 vols. 8vo, 1780), .by his selection of which his name is now most frequently re- called. He retired from business in 1763 with a handsome fortune. His collected writings were published under the title of " Miscellanies, or Trifles in Prose and Verse " (2 vols., 1745 and 1777). DODWELL, Edward, an English author, born about 1767, died in Rome, May 14, 1832. He published " A Classical and Topographical Tour through Greece during the years 1801, 1805, and 1806 " (2 vols. 4to, 1819), and made nu- merous drawings of ruins and scenery in Greece and Italy, some of which were pub- lished after his death under the title of " Views and Descriptions of Cyclopean or Pelasgic Re- mains in Greece and Italy, with Constructions of a later Period." DODWELL, Henry, an Irish writer, born in Dublin about 1641, died at Shottesbrook, Berk- shire, June 7, 1711. He graduated at Trinity college, Dublin, and settled in London in 1674. He was for about three years Camden profes- sor of history at Oxford, but lost the office in 1691 by refusing to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary. He is known especially as a writer on classical and religious subjects. Among his works are : Annales Thucydidei et Xenophontei ; Annales Velleiani, Quintiliani, Statiani ; De Veteribus GrcBCorum, Eomano- rumque Cyclis, obiterque de Cyclo Judceorum ac jfitate Christi, Dissertationes ; and "An Epistolary Discourse, proving from the Scrip- tures and the first Fathers that the Soul is a principle naturally mortal, but immortalized actually by the pleasure of God, to punish- ment or to reward, by its union with the divine baptismal Spirit; wherein it is proved that none have the power of giving this divine im- mortalizing Spirit since the Apostles, but only the Bishops." See "Life of Dr. Henry Dod- well," by Francis Brokesby (London 1715). DOES, Jacobus van der, the elder, a Dutch paint- er, born in Amsterdam, March 4, 1623, died there, Nov. 17, 1673. After visiting Paris, he spent several years in Rome, where he was assisted by fellow artists. He was celebrated for his pictures of animals, especially sheep and goats, in connection with landscapes. His son SIMON (1653-1717) excelled in the same branch of art; and another son, JACOBUS the younger, born in 1654, showed great talent as a historical painter, and died in Paris at the age of about 38. DOG, a digitigrade carnivorous mammal, be- longing to the genus canis, and to the family canidce, which also include the wolf, fox, and jackal. The species of this family are so nearly alike in structure that the genera canis, lupus, vulpes, &c., have been estab- lished on characters which are considered of inferior importance in other families; even the intellectual and instinctive faculties have been employed by F. Cuvier and others in distinguishing the species, the domestic dogs being regarded as derived from several dis- tinct though nearly allied wild canines. Ex- cept in the size of the bones, there is nothing in the osteology of this family which can be made characteristic of the wild species or of the domestic races when compared with each other, though as a family group they are quite distinct from other digitigrades. In the skulls, the several species of wolf differ more from each other than do many domestic dogs from the wolves; as a general rule, the- cranial cav- ity bears a greater proportion to the face as the intelligence of the animal is more mark- ed. The teeth of dogs, which are largest in the wild species, consist, in the upper jaw, of six incisors in the^ intermaxillary bones ; two