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DOUBLOON DOUGLAS 221 "Natural History of North America," and was appointed one of the curators of the British museum. The most valuable of his contributions to science are the results of his researches concerning butterflies, published in a work " On the Genera of Diurnal Lepidop- tera," which he left unfinished. He was also the author of a variety of papers on ornithol- ogy, entomology, and zoology, published in the " Entomological Magazine " and elsewhere. DOUBLOON (Sp. dollori), a gold coin of Spain and Spanish America, originally valued at $16. Its subdivisions in gold were the half doubloon, the quarter or pistole, the eighth or escudo, and in Spain the sixteenth or veinten. It is still coined in Mexico, Central America, and most of the South American states, but owing to a reduction of fineness is worth only from $15 37 to $15 61. (See COINS.) DOUBS (anc. Dub is), a river of France, the largest affluent of the Saone, and forming part of the navigable canal between the Eh6ne and the Rhine. It rises in Mount Rixou, one of the summits of the Jura, 3,000 ft. high, and after a tortuous course through the department which bears its name, flows S. "W. through that of Jura and part of Sa6ne-et-Loire, and joins the Sa6ne near the village of Verdun. Its total length is about 280 m. Strong currents im- pede the navigation ; at various points it forms small lakes, and it has a cataract, the Saut du Doubs, about 100 ft. high. Among its affluents are the Dessoubre and the Savoureuse. DOUBS, an E. department of France, in the old province of Franche-Comte", bordering on Switzerland and on the departments of Haut- Rhin, Haute-Saone, and Jura ; area, 2,018 sq. m. ; pop. in 1872, 291,251. Its surface gradu- ally rises from the more level country in the N. W. to the rugged and sterile peaks of the Jura range. The principal rivers are the Doubs and the Oignon, which divides it from Haute- Saone, but there is a large number of smaller streams. Agriculture is carried on to some extent, but the grain raised is insufficient for the home consumption. Much attention is paid to the raising of horses and cattle, and a considerable portion of the department is devoted to pasturage. There are some iron mines, which are worked, and coal, gypsum, building stone, and salt are also produced. The manufactures comprise clocks, paper, leather, woollen and cotton cloth, iron and steel ware, butter, cheese, &c. The climate is somewhat variable, but on the whole is cold, and in the lower parts much rain falls. The country is nevertheless healthful, and the inhabitants are vigorous and sturdy. It is divided into the arrondissements of Besancon, Montbeliard, Baume-les-Dames, and Pontarlier. Capital, Besancon. DOUCE, Francis, an English antiquary, born in 1762, died in London, March 30, 1834. He collected a great number of rare books, prints, medals, coins, &c., the most important of which he bequeathed at his death to the Bodleian library. He gave his papers to the British museum, on condition that the box which con- tained them should not be opened until the year 1900. He contributed some papers to the " Archaeologia " and to the " Gentleman's Magazine," and was the author of " Illustra- tions of Shakespeare and Ancient Manners" (2 vols. 8vo, London, 1807), and a "Disserta- tion on the Dance of Death" (London, 1834). DOUGHERTY, a S. W. county of Georgia, in- tersected by Flint river ; area, 300 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 11,517, of whom 9,424 were colored. The surface is level ; the soil fertile. The Southwestern railroad and the Albany branch of the Atlantic and Gulf line cross it. The chief productions in 1870 were 228,223 bushels of Indian corn, 12,365 of oats, and 14,034 bales of cotton. There were 1,860 mules and asses, 1,168 milch cows, 2,095 other cattle, and 3,422 swine; 2 machine shops, 1 manufactory of sashes, doors, and blinds, and 1 flour mill. Capital, Albany. DOUGHTY, Thomas, an American landscape painter, born in Philadelphia, July 19, 1793, died in New York, July 24, 1856. He was apprenticed to a leather manufacturer, and afterward carried on the business on his own account. He had attempted painting in oil, and had received a quarter's tuition in India ink drawing, when a growing taste for art in- duced him in his 28th year, contrary to the advice of his friends, to become a painter. He practised his profession for many years in the United States, and also in London and Paris, acquiring a considerable reputation by his paintings of American scenery. DOUGLAS, the name of eleven counties in the United States. I. A N. W. county of Geor- gia, formed since the census of 1870, bounded S. E. by the Chattahoochee river ; area, about 300 sq. m. The surface is hilly,, and the soil fertile. Grain and cotton are the staple pro- ducts. Various minerals abound. Capital, Douglasville. II. An E. county of Illinois, in- tersected by Kaskaskia and Embarras rivers ; area, 375 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 13,484. The surface is level, and the soil fertile. The Chi- cago division of the Illinois Central railroad traverses it. The chief productions in 1870 were 73,144 bushels of wheat, 1,680,225 of In- dian corn, 225,074 of oats, 65,265 of potatoes, 15,201 tons of hay, 29,406 Ibs. of wool, and 198,283 of butter. There were 5,681 horses, 3,207 milch cows, 8,670 other cattle, 10,553 sheep, and 17,433 swine. Capital, Tuscola. III. The N. "W. county of Wisconsin, bordering on Lake Superior and Minnesota ; area, 1,500 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 1,122. It is watered by several streams. The surface is hilly and gen- erally covered with forests. The soil of the river bottoms is fertile. A ridge, called Min- eral range, which contains copper, crosses it. The Lake Superior and Mississippi railroad skirts the N. W. corner. The value of farms in 1870 was $66,760. Capital, Superior City. IV. A W. county of Minnesota ; area, 720 sq.