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DUNCKER DUNDAS 313 ing Edinburgh, after the Battle of Preston- pans," and the "Martyrdom of John Brown of Priesthill." He excelled in portraits, of which he executed a large number. DUNCKER. I. Karl, a German publisher, born in Berlin, March 25, 1781, died there, July 15, 1869. He was a clerk in a Leipsic and Berlin publishing house, and established in 1809 a house in the latter city, of which he became the sole proprietor in 1828, after the death of his partner Peter Humblot. The writings of Hegel, Ranke, and other celebrated authors were issued from his press. He sold his estab- lishment in 1866 to K. Geibel of Leipsic, who continues it under the old firm name of Dunck- er and Humblot. II. Maximilian Wolfgang, a Ger- man historian, son of the preceding, born in Berlin, Oct. 15, 1811. He graduated at Halle, and became professor there in 1842. In 1848 he was a member of the Frankfort parliament and of the Prussian diet. His published stric- tures on the Prussian foreign minister, Man- teuifel, interfering with his promotion at Halle, he went in 1857 as professor to Tubingen, and on the formation of the Hohenzollern cabinet went in 1858 to Berlin as an assistant in the ministry of state. In 1861 he was appointed councillor of the crown prince, and in 1867 director of the Prussian archives. His princi- pal work is Geschichte des Alterthums (4 vols., Berlin, 1852-7). His brother, FRANZ GUSTAV, born June 4, 1822, a publisher of Berlin, was a leader of the German progressive party in 1848, member of the Prussian diet in 1861, a found- er of trades unions in 1869, and in 1871 the chief of a movement for the promotion of cul- ture among the people by a German national union. Another brother, HERMANN, is also prominent as a liberal politician. DUNDALK, a seaport town and parliamentary borough of Ireland, in the county Louth, near the mouth of the Castletown river, 45 m. N. of Dublin ; pop. in 1871, 10,893. It has a good harbor on Dundalk bay, and contains a number of schools and literary and benevolent institu- tions. The manufactures comprise flax spin- ning, machinery, and agricultural implements, ropes, soap, leather, pins, and starch ; and there are also flour mills, breweries, and distilleries. Its trade is important and increasing, especially in agricultural products, which are largely ex- ported. It is connected by railway with Bel- fast, Drogheda, and Dublin. DUNDAS, an E. county of the province of Ontario, Canada, bordering on the St. Lawrence river, which separates it from New York ; area, 377 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 18,777. It is inter- sected by the Riviere de la Petite Nation, and crossed by the Grand Trunk railway. Its cap- ital, Morrisburg, is a port of entry, and a stop- ping point for steamers plying between Mon- treal, Kingston, and Hamilton. DUNDAS, Henry, Viscount Melville, a British statesman, born in Edinburgh about 1741, died there, May 27, 1811. He was of the ancient family of Dundas of Arniston, received his education at the high school and university of Edinburgh, and was admitted to the bar in 1763. His celebrity as an advocate gained him the appointment of solicitor general in 1773 ; he was returned to the house of com- mons for the county of Edinburgh in 1 774, and was made lord advocate of Scotland in 1775. He was afterward member of parliament for the city of Edinburgh till his advancement to the peerage. Though he had been a supporter of the administration of Lord North, his fa- miliarity with affairs made him a valuable ac- cession to the administrations of Rockingham and Shelburne, which quickly succeeded, in the second of which he held the office of treasur- er of the navy. This ministry was obliged to give way before the combined opposition of Fox and Lord North, who came together in 1783 to form the coalition ministry, the oppo- sition to which was headed by Pitt and Dun- das. The latter had been appointed chairman of a secret committee of the house of commons to inquire into the condition of British India and the causes of the war in the Carnatic, and he made an elaborate report, in which he exhibited a complete mastery of the subject. When Pitt was called to the helm of affairs with a majority in parliament against him, he was powerfully aided by Dundas, who again held the office of treasurer of the navy, and in Pitt's absence led the ministerial party in the house of commons, and whose dexterity as a debater and minute acquaintance with Indian matters were of especial value in carrying Pitt's India bill through parliament against a very serious opposition. Dundas became presi- dent of the board of control under this bill in 1791, and entered the cabinet as secretary of state for the home department. He exchanged this post for that of secretary of war in 1794, when he introduced a bill for restoring the estates in Scotland forfeited on account of the rebellion of 1745. The investigations of Dun- das into eastern affairs originated those discus- sions which terminated in the impeachment of Warren Hastings ; but he took no active part either for or against Hastings. He was the principal supporter of Pitt during the wars with France, and resigned his offices upon the retirement of that statesman in 1801, when he laid before parliament a favorable statement of the condition of the East In- dia company's affairs. In 1802 he was raised to the peerage with the titles of Viscount Melville and Baron Duneira, and on Mr. Pitt's return to power in 1804 became first lord of the admiralty. He quickly retired from this office, having incurred a charge of vio- lating one of the statutes which he himself had proposed, by which the treasurer was for- bidden to receive any perquisites or make any private or individual use of the public money. The articles of impeachment were prepared by the most celebrated leaders of the opposi- tion, and the trial opened April 29, 1806. It resulted in the acquittal of Lord Melville by