Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VI.djvu/669

ENNS rthagorean doctrine of transmigration, he ted that the soul of Homer dwelt in him. lothing is known of his life till the close of second Punic war, when he appears as a >ldier in the Roman army, and a friend of the Ider Cato, by whom he was taken to Eome. There he taught Greek and Latin, but seems to have held no marked position till in 189 he made the ^tolian campaign under Fulvius Nobilior, gained the esteem of the elder Scipio, and re- ceived the rights of Roman citizenship. From this time his learning and the charm of his conversation attracted to his little dwelling on Mount Aventinus the most enlightened citi- zens. His contemporaries marvelled at his learning, which in thoroughness and extent was surpassed by few of the later Romans. Though a master of Greek literature, he gave a thoroughly national character to his own works. The principal of these, entitled An- nales, was a poem in 18 books on Roman his- tory, which he treated consecutively from Romulus and Remus to his own times, descri- bing later events with greater fulness. This poein was popularly admired, and was the chief foundation of his fame. Though it ap- pears to have existed in the 13th century, nothing but fragments of it gathered from the ancient writers now remains. These are suffi- cient to show that Ennius devoted great at- tention to his language, and contributed much toward harmonizing and perfecting the yet rough and uncultivated Latin dialect. He also wrote tragedies and comedies, and adapted the masterpieces of ^Eschylus, Sophocles, and Eu- ripides to the Roman stage. Among his nu- merous short pieces, his epigrams, three of which, extending collectively to ten lines, have been preserved, were especially famous. The best collection of the fragments of Ennius is by Hesselius (4to, Amsterdam, 1707). EMS, or Ens (anc. Anisus, or Anesus a river of Austria, rises in the province of Salzburg, on the northern slope of a branch of the Noric Alps, 12 m. S. of Radstadt, flows N. past that town, then E. N. E. through Styria, then N., irtly separating the provinces of Upper and >wer Austria, and after a total course of ibout 120 m. enters the Danube 2 in. below town of Enns. Its principal affluent is le Steier on the left. It is navigable to Hie- alau, about 60 m., and its upper part lies amid rild mountain scenery. Its chief value is in its great water power. The archduchies of Upper and Lower Austria are often distinguished as Austria above the Enns and Austria below the Enns. EMS, or Ens, a town of Austria, on the left bank of the river Enns, a little above its junc- tion with the Danube, 9 m. E. S. E. of Linz ; pop. in 1869, 3,784. It has two churches and a handsome council house, and manufactories of iron, steel, and cotton goods. The walls of the town were built with the ransom money paid for Richard I. of England. Enns occupies the site of the Roman station Lauriacum, ENRIQUEZ GOMEZ 657 which was the scene of a cruel persecution of the Christians by Galerius in 304. A battle between the French and Austrians took place here Nov. 5, 1805. Near the town is the old castle of Ennseck, containing many Roman an- tiquities and belonging to the princes of Auers- perg. ENOCH, the son of Jared and father of Me- thusaleh, born, according to the Biblical chro- nology, A. M. 622. He is called " the seventh from Adam" (Jude 14), to distinguish him from Enoch the son of Cain, who was the third from Adam. Eusebius infers from the title "father of astronomy," given him by an old writer, that he is the same whom the Greeks worshipped under the name of Atlas. We read in the Scriptures that " he walked with God ;" and as to his departure from the world, we are told that " he was not, for God took him." His character is drawn by two apostles, Heb. xi. 5, 13, and Jude 14, 15. The latter pas- sage has been the subject of much controversy, as it refers to a prophecy by Enoch, part of which it cites apparently in the language of the prophet himself. A prophetical work called the " Book of Enoch " is frequently mentioned in the patristic writings. It is noticed by Jus- tin Martyr, Irenreus, Clement of Alexandria, Tertullian, Origen, Augustine, Jerome, Hilary, and Eusebius. Most of these considered it apocryphal, though Tertullian maintained its authenticity and defended it from the criti- cisms of his contemporaries. Bruce, the trav- eller, brought from Abyssinia three copies of the book in the Ethiopic language, which im- mediately excited great interest in Europe. Sylvestre de Sacy translated portions of it, and a complete English version by Dr. Laurence, professor of Hebrew at Oxford, appeared in 1821. In 1833 a second, and in 1838 a third revised edition appeared. The book is sup- posed to have been originally composed about the time of the Christian era, in the Hebrew or Chaldee language. The Ethiopic version was not made from the Hebrew, but from a Greek translation which is not now extant. It consists of -a series of revelations supposed to have been given to Enoch and Noah, and is divided into five discourses. The first describes the fall of the angels, the judgment upon them and their offspring the giants, and the journey of Enoch through the earth and heaven in company with an angel. The second contains, the parables in which Enoch relates the reve- lations of the spiritual world. The third treats of astronomy and the changes of the seasons. The fourth describes a dream in which Enoch beheld the course of events from the beginning to the coming of Messiah. The fifth consists of exhortations based upon the preceding parts. The best edition is Dillmann's, who published the Ethiopic text from five MSS. in 1851, and a German translation and commentary in 1853. ENRIQUEZ GOMEZ, Antonio, whose real name was ENRIQUEZ DE PAZ, a Spanish dramatist, born in Segovia early in the 17th century.