Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume X.djvu/120

114: LALLEMAND nephew of the preceding, born Oct. 30, 1610, killed March 17, 1649. He also entered the society of Jesus (1630), went to Canada in September, 1646, and was sent to the Huron mission. In the overthrow of that nation by the Iroquois he fell into the hands of the savages, and with Father Breboeuf was put to death with exquisite torture, prolonged for many hours. LALLEMAND, Claude Francois, a French phy- sician, born in Metz, Jan. 26, 1790, died in Marseilles, Aug. 25, 1854. After serving as as- sistant surgeon in the armies of the empire, he studied in Paris at the Hotel-Dieu under Du- puytren, and from 1819 to 1845. was professor of clinical surgery at Montpellier, with the ex- ception of three years during which he was suspended for his liberal political expressions. His most important work, the EechercJies ana- tomico-pathologiques sur Vencephale et ses de- pendances (Paris, 1820-'36), established his reputation, and was translated into many Jan- guages. In 1845 he was elected to the academy of sciences, and removed to Paris, and was con- sulted by patients from every part of Europe. He bequeathed 50,000 francs to the institute. LALLY, Thomas Arthur, count, baron of Tul- lendally or Tollendal, in Ireland, a French sol- dier, born in Romans, Dauphiny, in January, 1702, beheaded in Paris, May 9, 1766. He was the son of Sir Gerard Lally, an Irish loyalist, who accompanied James II. in his exile to France. He was educated to the profession of arms, and when scarcely 12 years old per- formed his first military service at the siege of Barcelona. For his gallantry at the sieges of Kehl in 1733 and Philippsburg in 1734, where he saved his father's life, he was promoted to the rank of major. In 1737 he visited England, Ireland, and Scotland, with a view to promote the interests of the pretender; and in 1738 he was sent on a secret mission to St. Petersburg. In 1745 he distinguished himself at the battle of Fontenoy, where he led the Irish brigade whose gallantry secured victory to the French. Louis XV. made him brigadier general on the field. The same year, at the head of a body of volunteers, he landed in Scotland,, joined the young pretender Charles Edward, and served as his aide-de-camp at the battle of Falkirk. In 1755, being consulted by the French ministry upon the best mode of impairing the power of England, he strongly urged an attack upon her East Indian possessions. He was offered the command of an expedition to carry out his plan, received the appointment of governor general of the French establishments in the East, and sailed for his destination, May 2, 1757. But the means which had been placed at his disposal were wholly inadequate. He landed at Pondicherry, April 28, 1758, and found that the agents of the French East India company were secretly against him. Never- theless, the Coromandel coast was conquered in a few weeks. He overcame all the obsta- cles thrown in his way, laid siege to Madras in LAMA the month of December, carried the Black Town, and had some prospect of success ; but being unsupported by D'Ache, the command- er of the French fleet, and having no money to pay his mutinous soldiers, he was finally obliged to retire on the arrival of an English fleet. Soon after he found himself besieged in Pondicherry by an enemy ten times his superior in numbers. He held out for ten months ; but deserted by his fleet, betrayed by the agents of the French company, having exhausted his re- sources, and the garrison being reduced to 700 men, he was finally compelled to surrender at discretion, Jan. 14, 1761, to Gen. Coote, who had 22,000 troops under his command and was supported by 14 ships. He was carried as a prisoner to London ; but having heard that he was charged by his personal enemies with various crimes, he obtained his release on parole, went to Paris, and voluntarily entered the Bastile, in order to hasten his trial, but was left there for 19 months without examina- tion. Finally he was accused as a traitor and a defaulter by the men who had been the cause of his ruin, and a mock trial took place; witnesses of the worst character, some of whom were his own servants, were admitted to testify against him ; he was refused counsel, and was not even allowed to present his de- fence ; and at last, after a protracted secret de- liberation, he was sentenced to death and exe- cuted. Several years afterward the whole of these proceedings were revised, and the sentence was finally reversed in 1778. LALLY-TOLLENDAL, Trophimc Gerard, marquis de, a French politician, son of the preceding, born in Paris, March 5, 1751, died March 11, 1830. Although of legitimate birth, he was brought up, under the name of Trophime, in ignorance of his parentage until the eve of his father's execution. He first made himself known by his untiring efforts, during 12 years, to procure the reversal of his father's sentence, in which he secured the assistance of Voltaire, who wrote in his behalf. In 1789 he was one of the deputies of the nobles to the states gen- eral; he supported moderate reforms, and favored the establishment of a constitutional monarchy with two chambers and an absolute power of veto vested in the king; but after the events of Oct. 5 and 6 he was so alarmed at the course of the revolutionists that he re- tired with Mounier to Coppet in Switzerland. There, under the title of Quintus Capitolinus aux Romains, he published in 1790 a pamphlet censuring the proceedings of the constituent assembly. He returned to Paris in 1792 to oppose the Jacobins, and was imprisoned, but escaped to England a few days previous to the September massacre. In 1793 he asked to be appointed one of the counsel of King Louis XVI., but was not answered. He returned to France after the 18th Brumaire, and lived in retirement until the return of the Bourbons, when he was made a peer. LAMA. See LLAMA.