Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume X.djvu/130

LAMBETH LAMELLIBRANCHIATES population could not have been much less than 50,000. A synod was held there in A. D. 240, attended by 100 prelates. The city was de- stroyed by the Vandals in the 5th century, and its site was lost; it was discovered in 1844 by the French commandant Delamarre. LAMBETH, a parish and suburb of London, If m. S. W. of St. Paul's cathedral, on the S. side of the Thames, here crossed by the Water- loo, Charing Cross railway, Westminster, and Vauxhall bridges ; pop. in 1871, 379,112. Lambeth palace, the town residence of the archbishop of Canterbury, is situated between Vauxhall and Westminster bridges, opposite the new houses of parliament. This property was acquired by the see in 1197, and has been improved by successive incumbents. The pal- ace stands on a low site close to the river, surrounded by gardens 12 acres in extent. Its objects of interest are the Lollards' tower, founded about 1440 ; the banqueting hall ; Lambeth Palace. the chapel, with a fine roof of carved oak; and the library. Among its many literary treasures and curiosities is a superb Arabic Ko- ran, presented by the governor general of India through Claudius Buchanan in 1805, who calls it "the most valuable Koran of Asia." The library also contains the archiepiscopal regis- ters of the see of Canterbury in regular succes- sion from the year 1278, and the parliamentary surveys of ecclesiastical benefices in the time of the commonwealth, now used as legal evi- dence. The parish contains many churches, charitable institutions, and other public build- ings, some of them elegant and ornamental. Near Vauxhall bridge is the terminus of the Southampton railway. There are many manu- factories, and several places of amusement, among them Astley's amphitheatre. In Sep- tember, 1867, a pan- Anglican synod was held in Lambeth palace, in which several American Protestant Episcopal bishops participated. LAMBRFSCHIXI, Lnigi, an Italian prelate, born in Genoa, May 16, 1776, died in Rome, May 12, 1854. He entered in youth the order of Barnabites, and became successively bishop of Sabina, archbishop of Genoa, papal nuncio to France, and in 1831 cardinal. Gregory XVI. appointed him secretary of state for foreign affairs, librarian of the Vatican, grand prior of the order of Malta, and minister of public in- struction. On the death of Gregory in 1846, he received on the first ballot for the successor the largest number of votes. Under Pius IX. he became member of the state council, bishop of Porto, and chancellor of the pontifical or- ders. On the outbreak of the political com- motions he fled to Civita Vecchia, subsequently returned to Rome, fled again in November, 1848, to Naples, and soon after joined the pope at Gaeta. He returned with him to Rome in 1850, and counselled, it is said, milder mea- sures than those adopted by Cardinal Anto- nelli. He wrote some devotional works and a polemical disserta- tion on the immaculate . conception, all trans- lated and published in France. LAMBTOff, a S. W. county of Ontario, Canada, bounded N. by Lake Huron and W. by the St. Clair river, and drained by the Sydenham river and other streams ; area, 1,083 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 38,897, of whom 12,673 were of Irish, 11, 538 of Eng- lish, 9,800 of Scotch, and 1,624 of German origin or descent. It contains extensive pe- troleum wells, and is traversed by the Grand Trunk and Gi Western railways. Capital, Sarnia. LAMEGO, a town of Portugal, in the province of Beira, 71 m. E. N. E. of Coimbra, at the foot of the Sierra Penude, and 3 m. S. of the Douro ; pop. about 9,000. It is surrounded by walls, defended by an old castle, and has a fine cathedral, but is otherwise uninteresting and excessively dirty. It contains an episcopal palace, a college, a diocesan seminary, three monasteries, two hospitals, and a nunnery. It has been the seat of a bishop since the 4th century. Its chief celebrity is due to the story that a cortes was held here in 1143, at which the constitution of the newly created kingdom of Portugal was drawn up ; but this is now said to be fictitious. Lamego was the residence of the Moorish kings till "it was taken from them by Ferdinand the Great in 1038. LAMELLIBRAffCHIATES, a name properly giv- en to the acephalous mollusks, having the gills