Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume X.djvu/520

LINTON LION the Orucifixion," "Bay and Castle of Balsa" (1845), "Athens" (1847), " Temple of Minerva at Rome" (1850), "Venice" (1851), "A Mountain Town in Calabria " (1853), and "The Tiber "(1856). LINTON, William James, an English engraver, born in London in 1812. He entered warmly into the radical movements from 1844 to 1848, and was deputed to carry to the French pro- visional government the first congratulatory address of the British workmen. As an en- graver on wood he ranks in the first class, and has prepared and illustrated " The History of Wood Engraving" and a series of " Works of Deceased British Artists " (I860). He has con- tributed largely to periodicals, and published " Claribel and other Poems " (1865), " A Life of Thomas Paine," and three volumes of "The English Republic." In 1867" he came to Amer- ica, and took up his residence in New York, where he executed several admirable works. He subsequently removed to New Haven, Conn., where he conducts a large engraving es- tablishment. ELIZA (LYNN), his wife, born at Keswick in 1822, has published "Azeth, the Egyptian" (1846); "Amymone, a Romance of the Days of Pericles" (1848); "Realities" Q851) ; " Witch Stories " (1861) ; " The Lake Country," illustrated by her husband (1864) ; " Grasp your Nettle " (1865) ; "Lizzie Lorton of Greyrigg" (1866); "Sowing the Wind" (1867); "Ourselves: Essays on Women" (1869); "The True History of Joshua David- son, Christian and Communist " (1872 ; 6th ed., 1874) ; and " Patricia Kemball " (1874). LINUM, the classical name of flax, and the botanical name of a genus of which that is the most important member (see FLAX), containing Linum grandiflorum. several species cultivated as garden plants, both annual and perennial, not mentioned under that title. L. grandiflorum is a very showy annual from Algiers ; the plant is much branch- ing, about 18 in. high, and bears a profusion of brilliant scarlet flowers, shaded with crimson, toward the centre, and over an inch in diam- eter; the plant rarely produces seed in this country. Among the perennial species none is more graceful than L. perenne of Mis- souri and westward ; this, known in our gar- dens as perennial flax, forms tufts of slender stems 12 to 18 in. high, which produce an abundance of bright blue flowers an inch in diameter, upon such delicate flower stalks that at a little distance they seem to be floating with- out any support; there is a white variety of this in cultivation. Berlandier's flax (Z. Ber- landieri) is a fine yellow-flowered species in Texas ; and similar to it is L. Jlavum, a com- mon greenhouse species with yellow flowers. They all grow readily from seed. LINZ, or Lintz, a town of Austria, capital of the province of Upper Austria, at the conflu- ence of the Traun with the Danube, which is here crossed by a wooden bridge 1,800 ft. long, 93 m. W. of Vienna ; pop. in 1870, 30,- 538. It has two suburbs, one of which is separated from the city proper by the Dan- ube. The former fortifications, constructed in 1831-'6, consisted of 32 detached forts, cov- ering a circuit of 9 miles, and communicating by covered ways ; they were rendered useless by recent improvements in artillery, and have been to a great extent demolished. The Land- haus, formerly a Franciscan convent, is now occupied by the diet of Upper Austria and the government offices. It was modernized after the fire of 1800. A modern Gothic ca- thedral was erected in 1863. The Hofburg is built on the site of the ancient archducal palace, destroyed by fire in 1800. There is a government carpet and cloth manufactory, founded by Maria Theresa, and manufactures of woollen, linen, silk, and cotton goods. There are two annual fairs, each of which lasts a fortnight. Linz is the seat of a bishop, and has a theological seminary, a lyceum, a gymnasium, a surgical school, a national muse- um containing a natural history collection, and educational institutions of a high grade. The vicinity is noted for beautiful scenery. LION (?<?<?, Leach, and felis leo, Linn.), the largest and most majestic of the cat family, an inhabitant of Africa and Asia. Several species are made by some zoologists, and these are even elevated into a genus distinct from felis by Leach ; but the specific distinctions are doubt- ful, and it is more consonant with the prevail- ing tendency of naturalists to consider these as varieties of a single species. The best known variety is the African lion, whose great strength, noble appearance, and assumed magnanimity have been the theme of travellers from time immemorial; the male has a long and thick mane, which gives an appearance of nobleness