Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume X.djvu/809

MACON 803 likely to bring him into active service, he was transferred to the artillery, and in 1813, as colonel of the third regiment of artillery, dis- tinguished himself at Niagara and Fort George. In January, 1814, he was promoted to be a brigadier general and placed in command of that part of the northern frontier bordering on Lake Ohamplain. At Plattsburgh on Sept. 11, 1814, being in command of about 1,500 regular troops and some detachments of mi- litia, he sustained the attack of a greatly supe- rior British force under Sir George Prevost, which, after the defeat of the British squadron on Lake Champlain on the same day, retreated to Canada. For his firmness and courage on this occasion, he was commissioned a major general, and received the thanks of congress and a gold medal. He was subsequently re- tained in the service as colonel of engineers, and after the decease of Maj. Gen. Brown in 1835 succeeded to the office of commander-in- chief of the army. He wrote a "Treatise on Martial Law and Courts Martial, as practised in the United States " (1809). His son, WIL- LIAM H., born June 16, 1818, as lieutenant in the navy, captured the barrier forts at Canton, China, in 1856, commanded the Metacomet in the Paraguay expedition of 1859, and was in active service on the southern coast during the civil war. He became commander in 1862, captain in 1866, commodore in 1870, and died in Philadelphia, Aug. 12, 1872. MACON, the name of six counties in the Uni- ted States. I. A S. W. county of North Caro- lina, bordering on Georgia, and watered by the head streams of the Tennessee river; area, about 600 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 6,615, of whom 403 were colored. On the S. E. border are the Blue Ridge mountains. It has an elevated sur- face and productive soil. The chief produc- tions in 1870 were 21,365 bushels of wheat, 163,199 of Indian corn, 19,970 of oats, 10,837 of Irish and 10,225 of sweet potatoes, 26,739 Ibs. of tobacco, 14,964 of wool, 64,601 of but- ter, and 1,007 tons of hay. There were 1,307 horses, 2,379 milch cows, 4,509 other cattle, 7,848 sheep, and 10,620 swine. Capital, Frank- lin. II. A S. W. county of Georgia, drained by Flint river and its tributaries ; area, 353 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 11,458, of whom 7,483 were col- ored. It has an undulating surface and fertile soil. The Southwestern railroad passes through it. The chief productions in 1870 were 4,330 bushels of wheat, 184,877 of Indian corn, 12,- 103 of peas and beans, 21,487 of sweet pota- toes, 25,534 of butter, 2,994 of honey, 9,391 bales of cotton, and 7,261 gallons of cane mo- lasses. There were 511 horses, 1,261 mules and asses, 1,288 milch cows, 2,482 other cat- tle, 1,147 sheep, and 8,205 swine. Capital, Lanier. III. An E. county of Alabama, drain- ed by branches of the Tallapoosa river ; area, about 700 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 17,727, of whom 12,620 were colored. It has an undu^ lating surface and productive soil. The Mont- gomery and West Point railroad traverses it. The chief productions in 1870 were 2,429 bush- els of wheat, 168,661 of Indian corn, 31,690 of oats, 20,755 of sweet potatoes, 1,745 Ibs. of rice, and 11,872 bales of cotton. There were 872 horses, 1,653 mules and asses, 2,201 milch cows, 692 working oxen, 3,498 other cattle, 820 sheep, and 4,996 swine. Capital, Tuske- gee. IV. A N. county of Tennessee, bordering on Kentucky, and drained by branches of the Big Barren and Cumberland rivers ; area, 260 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 6,633, of whom 791 were colored. The surface is uneven, and the soil generally fertile. The chief productions in 1870 were 30,525 bushels of wheat, 266,483 of Indian corn, 60,756 of oats, 9,441 of Irish and 9,340 of sweet potatoes, 950,768 Ibs. of tobac- co, 13,605 of wool, 82,924 of butter, and 1,988 bales of cotton. There were 2,233 horses, 1,599 milch cows, 2,696 other cattle, 8,175 sheep, and 13,227 swine. Capital, Lafayette. V. A central county of Illinois, intersected by the N. fork of the Sangamon river ; area, 549 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 26.481. It has a gener- ally level surface and productive soil. The Illinois Central and the Toledo, Wabash, and Western railroads pass through it. The chief productions in 1870 were 251,852 bushels of wheat, 2,214,468 of Indian corn, 454,648 of oats, 117,959 of potatoes, 57,639 Ibs. of wool, 159,426 of butter, and 19,963 tons of hay. There were 8,375 horses, 4,943 milch cows, 7,935 other cattle, 10,602 sheep, and 29,834 swine ; 6 manufactories of agricultural imple- ments, 11 of carriages, 4 of furniture, 1 of iron castings, 3 of machinery, 4 of marble and stone work, 1 of pumps, 6 of saddlery and harness, 1 woollen mill, 2 breweries, 4 saw mills, and 4 flour mills. Capital, Decatur. VI. A N. coun- ty of Missouri, drained by Chariton river and its E. fork, and branches of Salt river ; area, 828 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 23,230, of whom 1,496 were colored. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. It is intersected by the St. Louis, Kansas City, and Northern, and the Hannibal and St. Joseph railroads. The chief productions in 1870 were 110,156 bushels of wheat, 857,327 of Indian corn, 411,510 of oats, 72,834 of potatoes, 355,767 Ibs. of tobacco, 55,407 of wool, 412,146 of butter, and 12,385 tons of hay. There were 7,765 horses, 1,491 mules and asses, 6,635 milch cows, 11,018 other cattle, 22,757 sheep, and 31,540 swine; 12 flour mills, 14 saw mills, and 3 wool-card- ing and cloth-dressing establishments. Capi- tal, Macon City. MACOtf, a city and the capital of Bibb co., Georgia, situated on both sides of the Ocmul- gee river, here crossed by a bridge, at the head of steamboat navigation, 80 m. S. E. of Atlan- ta, and 160 m. W. by N. of Savannah ; pop. in 1850, 5,720 ; in 1860, 8,247 ; in 1870, 10,810, of whom 5,183 were colored. It occupies an ele- vated and healthy site, is well laid out, most of the streets being 180 ft. wide and adorned with shade trees, and has many handsome buildings. The central city park, combining