MANITOBA MANKATO 115 previously vacated the place ; and on Sept. 3 Mr. Archibald, the lieutenant governor of the province, arrived. The troops soon returned, and were replaced by Canadian militia. See "The Red River Settlement, its Rise, Pro- gress, and Present State," by Alexander Ross (London, 1856) ; " Narrative of the Canadian Red River Exploring Expedition of 1857," &c., by H. Y. Hind (2 vols., London, 1860) ; Esquisse le Nord- Quest de VAmerique, by Arch- lop Tache (Montreal, 1869), translated by ipt. D. R. Cameron, " Sketch of the North- rest of America" (Montreal, 1870); "The reation of Manitoba, or a History of the Red Lver Troubles," .by Alexander Begg (Toron- 1871) ; " Manitoba and the Northwest of s Dominion," by Thomas Spence (Toronto, L871) ; and " Red River Country and its Re- mrces," by J. J. Hargrave (Montreal, 1871). MANITOBA, Lake, a body of water in the, Northwest territories of Canada, intersected the 51st parallel and 99th meridian, situ- jd about 60 m. S. W. of Lake Winnipeg, into which it discharges through the Little Saskatch- ewan or Dauphin river, which expands near the middle of its course into St. Martin's lake. Lake Manitoba is about 120 m. long from N. N. W. to S. S. E., and has a breadth not ex- ceeding 25 m. ; area, about 1,900 sq. m. It is 40 ft. above Lake Winnipeg, and is navigable by vessels drawing 10 ft., though its outlet only admits small craft. At its N. extremity it re- ceives through Water Hen river the waters of Winnipegoos or Winnipegosis, Dauphin, and Water Hen lakes, and at its S. extremity White Mud river. It abounds in fish. The name sig- nifies " supernatural strait," the Indians attrib- uting the peculiar agitation of the water in a portion of the lake to the presence of a spirit. MANITOF, among some tribes of the Amer- ican Indians, the name of any object of wor- ship. "The Illinois," wrote -the Jesuit Marest,
- ' adore a sort of genius, which they call mani-
tou ; to them it is the master of life, the spirit rules all things. A bird, a buffalo, a bear, feather, a skin that is their manitou." " If e Indian word manitou," says Palfrey, "ap- ared to denote something above or beside common aspects and agencies of nature, it light be natural, but it would be rash and mis- ing, to confound its import with the Chris- Mohammedan, Jewish, Egyptian, or Greek inception of Deity, or with any compound of selection from some or all of those ideas." MANITOF, a county of Michigan, comprising le Beaver, Fox, and Manitou islands in Lake ichigan, off the N. W. coast of the lower pen- isula; area, about 100 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 1. The largest island is Big Beaver; the ther principal islands are Great Manitou, Lit- Manitou, Little Beaver, Garden, Hog, South ox, and North Fox. The surface is rough and soil only moderately fertile. Capital, St. Fames, on Big Beaver island. MANITOULIN ISLANDS, a group stretching E. t id W. along the N. shore of Lake Huron from [ Georgian bay to the N. peninsula of Michigan, the principal of which are Great Manitoulin or Sacred island, Little Manitoulin or Cockburn, and Drummond's. All but the last (which belongs to Chippewa co., Mich.) are included in Algoma district, Ontario, Canada; area, 1,183 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 2,011, of whom 1,562 were Indians. Great Manitoulin, about 80 m. long by from 5 to 30 broad, is deeply in- dented by numerous bays, and has an elevated and rugged surface, abounding in fine scenery. The interior is densely wooded with pine, and in the E. part are several lakes. Little Manitou- lin, about 10 m. in diameter, resembles Great Manitoulin in its general features. Drum- mond's island is about 20 m. long by from 2 to 15 broad, and has an irregular surface, covered with large masses of rock. It is separated from the mainland of Michigan by a strait scarcely a mile wide, which forms the principal passage for vessels bound to Lake Superior. MANITOWOC, an E. county of Wisconsin, bor- dering on Lake Michigan, and drained by the Manitowoc, E. and W. Twin, and Sheboygan rivers; area, 612 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 33,364. The soil is fertile and heavily timbered, pine lumber being the principal article of export. The chief productions in 1870 were 517,146 bushels of wheat, 92,881 of rye, 386,759 of oats, 30,176 of barley, 108,180 of potatoes, 80,- 410 of peas and beans, 44,421 Ibs. of wool, 575,319 of butter, and 26,937 tons of hay. There were 4,460 horses, 9,351 milch cows, 11,017 other cattle, 16,403 sheep, and 11,200 swine ; 15 flour mills, 21 saw mills, 3 woollen mills, 11 tanneries, 11 currying establishments, and 10 breweries. Capital, Manitowoc. MANITOWOC, a city and the capital of Mani- towoc co., Wisconsin, on Lake Michigan, at the mouth of Manitowoc river, and on the Milwaukee, Lake Shore, and Western railroad, 105 m. N. .E. of Madison, and 75 m. N. of Mil- waukee ; pop. in 1860, 3,059 ; in 1870, 5,168, of whom 2,577 were foreigners. It has a good harbor and considerable trade, and contains several ship-building establishments, tanneries, and manufactories. There are a national bank, graded schools, a semi-weekly and four weekly (two German) newspapers, and five churches. MANKATO, a city and the county seat of Blue Earth co., Minnesota, on the right bank of the Minnesota river, at the great bend, and on the St. Paul and Sioux City and Chicago and North- western (Minnesota division) railroads, 76 m. S. W. of St. Paul ; pop. in 1870, 3,482 ; in 1874, about 6^000. It has an important trade and thriving manufactures. The sales of mer- chandise in 1873 amounted to $2,225,000 ; the value of manufactures was $950,000. The principal establishments are an extensive lin- seed oil factory, two flouring mills, two plough and agricultural implement factories, three founderies, and manufactories of woollens, bricks, furniture, and sash and doors. It con- tains two national banks, a private bank, 15 hotels, three public halls, a driving park and
