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MELANCHTHON conference ended in a complete failure, and the hope of reconciliation utterly vanished. This, in connection with the violent eucha- ristic or crypto-Calvinistic and other doctri- nal controversies in the Protestant party, the unsparing attacks of the strict Lutheran par- ty, and various domestic afflictions, greatly embittered the last years of his life, and broke down his weak physical frame, already ex- hausted by incessant study and application. Nevertheless he continued to write responsa et vota to the last. A few days before his de- cease he wrote in Latin the reasons which made death welcome to him, viz. : on the left side, deliverance from sin and from the acri- mony and fury of theologians; on the right side, the light of eternity, the vision of God and his Son, and the full knowledge of those wonderful mysteries of faith which we can but imperfectly understand in this life. On a journey to Leipsic in March, 1560, he con- tracted a cold which proved fatal. His last and greatest care and sorrow was the dis- tracted condition of the church ; his last and most fervent prayer was for the unity of be- lievers. When Peucer, his son-in-law, asked him whether he desired anything, he replied: "Nothing but heaven;" and soon afterward he breathed his last. He was buried in the principal church of Wittenberg, by the side of Luther. As a reformer, Melanchthon was ad- mirably adapted to assist Luther, and to supple- ment him. He was better suited for the quiet study than the commotion of public life. In- ferior to Luther in strength of intellect and will, he surpassed him in scholarship and mod- eration of spirit. The one was the hero, the other the theologian of the German refor- mation. He reduced the new ideas to order and system, and commended them to literary men, while Luther powerfully impressed them upon the people. Melanchthon was of small stature and delicate frame, but had fine blue eyes and a noble forehead. He married in 1520 the daughter of the burgomaster of Witten- berg, and lived happily with her till her death in 1557. He called his nursery the "little church " (ecclesiola Dei), and was occasionally seen rocking the cradle with one hand and holding a book in the other. He cared little or nothing for money, was extremely good-na- tured and benevolent, and unblemished in all his moral relations. The otherwise beautiful symmetry of his character is marred by but one serious error (and this he shared with Luther), the qualified countenance reluctantly given to the double marriage of Philip, landgrave of Hesse. The works of Melanchthon embrace a Greek and Latin grammar, editions of and commentaries on several classics and the Sep- tuagint, Biblical commentaries, doctrinal and ethical works, official documents, declamations, dissertations, responses, and a very extensive correspondence. The first edition of his col- lected works appeared at Basel, in 5 vols. fol., in 1541 ; the second, under the editorial care 545 VOL. xi. 24 MELBOURNE 367 of Peucer, at Wittenberg, in 1562-'4 ; but both are incomplete. The most valuable edition is that of Bretschneider and Bindseil in the Corpus Reformatorum (28 vols. fol., 1834-'60). The life of Melanchthon has been written by Camerarius (1566), Niemeyer, Kothe, Ledder- hose (Heidelberg, 1847; translated into Eng- lish by Krotel), Galle (1840), Matthes (1841), Wohlfahrt (1858), Planck (Melanchthon, Prce- ceptor Germanice, 1860; new ed., 1866), and Schmidt (1861). On April 19, 1860, the tri- centennial anniversary of Melanchthon's death was celebrated with great enthusiasm through- out Protestant Germany. At Wittenberg, where " he lived, taught, and died " (as the inscription on his house reads), the corner stone was laid of a monument to his memory, to be erected beside that of Luther. The fes- tival oration was delivered by Dr. Nitzsch of Berlin, the last surviving professor of the once famous university of Wittenberg. At the same hour the foundation of a similar monument was laid at Bretten, his birthplace. MELANESIA. See MICRONESIA. MELANOSIS (Gr. pehaveiv, to blacken), a mor- bid growth on the human body, characterized by the deposit of a black pigment. For a long time this was looked upon as a distinct disease, and inelanotic tumors formed a class by them- selves ; but it is now believed that melanosis may occur in any of the textures, natural or morbid. It is found in the lungs, in the bron- chial and mesenteric glands, and in the sympa- thetic ganglia, mixed with new deposit as can- cer and tubercle. The coloring matter is gen- erally thought to be derived from the hema- tine of the blood. The black deposit in the air cells of miners is a mere accumulation of carbonaceous dust. MELAZZO. See MILAZZO. MELBOURNE, a city of S. E. Australia, capi- tal of the colony of Victoria, on the banks of the Yarra-Yarra river, about 9 m. from its mouth, at the upper end of the large estuary of Port Phillip, 450 jn. S. W. of Sydney ; lat. 37 48' S., Ion. 144 58' E. ; pop. in 1841, about 4,000; in 1846, 10,000; in 1851, 23,000; in 1854, 76,000; in 1857, 100,000; in 1869, 170,- 000; in 1871, 191,254. The principal part of the town is on the N. side of the river, but some wards lie on the south, where South Melbourne, Sandridge, St. Kilda, and the W. part of South Yarra are comprised within the city boundary. North and South Melbourne are connected by a bridge. On the N. side the chief part of the town lies in a valley with its extremities carried over two hills. The S. side is flat and swampy, excepting the sandy margin of Hobson's bay, where Sandridge stands. The streets of Melbourne are mostly laid out at right angles, wide, straight, and running the whole length or breadth of the town. They are macadamized in the middle, well drained, mostly flagged at the sides, and lighted with gas. In the original plan of the city lanes alternating with 'the main streets