Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XI.djvu/517

MICHIGAN 499 The number of manufacturing establishments in 1850 was 2,083, producing goods to the value of $11,169,002. In 1860 there were 3,448 es- tablishments ; hands employed, 23,190: cap- ital invested, $23,808,226 ; value of products, $32,658,356. The whole number of establish- ments in 1870 was 9,455, having 2,215 steam engines of 70,956 horse power, and 1,500 water wheels of 34,895 horse power ; number of hands employed, 63,694, of whom 58,347 were males above 16, 2,941 females above 15, and 2,406 youth ; capital invested, $71,712,283 ; wages paid, $21,205,355; value of materials used, $68,142,515; of products, $118,394,676. The statistics of the principal branches (1870) are shown in the following table : INDUSTRIES. Number of establish- 1 Hands em- ployed. Capital invested. Value of products. Agricultural implements. . Blacbsmithing Boots and shoes Bread and bakery products Brick 164 904 765 82 136 756 531 3 288 291 19 516 245 13 3 2 17 196 99 73 1 128 70 1,571 105 159 3 4 108 11 22 65 288 08 150 26 260 114 71 17 38 969 1,997 2,494 306 1,584 2,930 2,239 823 2,593 1,139 636 1,938 2,364 111 465 54 1,625 1,101 478 249 15 481 518 20,053 1,311 666 8 83 453 261 240 726 824 858 1,305 637 835 1,256 596 84 5S5 $1,254,759 729,538 1,167,181 291,672 438,800 780,225 1,649,860 615,223 1,085,650 438,165 1,591,000 6,962,675 2,067,420 1,549,029 725.000 50,400 2,528,000 1,571,447 897,047 895,493 75,000 1,337,441 710,850 26,990,450 1,628,979 57,853 12,000 170.000 143,490 376,000 687,100 697,777 460,436 1,717,500 1,279,200 547,000 487,515 1,301,202 596,975 155,350 858,200 $1,569,596 1,581,857 2,552,931 684,458 681,480 3,976,883 2,393,828 1,488,742 2,577.154 1,176,768 9,260,976 21,174,247 1,953,888 522,329 780,750 164,200 2,911,515 2,082,582 1,606,811 1,064,297 105,000 1,216,286 1,181,845 31,946,396 2,330,564 655,905 96,050 533,750 493,752 499,392 333,600 1,071,523 851,888 1,176,811 1,868,596 709,384 967,972 2,572,523 711,175 213,315 996,203 Carpentering and building Carriages and wagons Cars, freight and passenger Clothing Cooperage Copper, milled and smelted Flouring and grist mill Furniture and chairs Gas Iron, forged and rolled . . . " bolts, nuts, nails, &c. " P'ffs " castings Leather, tanned " curried Liquors distilled . " malt Lumber, planed Machinery Masonry, brick and stone. Meat packed, beef " " pork Painting Paper . . .... Plaster, ground Printing and publishing.. Saddlery and harness . . . Salt Sash, doors, and blinds . . . Ship building, repairing. and ship materials Tin, copper, and sheet-iron ware Tobacco and cigars Wooden ware and wood work Wool carding and cloth dressing Woollen goods The total value of saw-mill products was great- er than that of any other state. In the quan- tity of laths and lumber produced Michigan stood first ; in the quantity of shingles, next to Wisconsin; and in the value of staves, &c., next to Indiana and New York. The number of steam engines employed in the saw mills was 1,137, of 41,216 horse power; water wheels, 547, of 12,448 horse power; number of saws, 7,052 ; amount of wages paid during the year, $6,400,283 ; value of materials used, $14,347,661. The products were 304,054,000 laths, 2,251,613,000 feet of lumber, 658,741,- 000 shingles, and staves, shocks, headings, &c., to the value of $1,332,922. The whole num- ber of bushels of grain ground was 16,891,- 910, and the products of the flouring mills in- tended for market (excluding flour, meal, &c., from grain ground for individual owners) were 10,956 cwt. of buckwheat flour, 3,759 barrels of rye flour, 963,101 of wheat flour, 8,375 bushels of barley meal, 610,103 of corn meal, and 1,508,180 cwt. of feed. There were 119,- 415 tons of iron ore smelted, producing 79,279 tons of pig iron. The quantity of salt manufactured was 3,981,316 bushels, more than was produced by any other state except New York and West Virginia. The quantity of lumber manufactured in 1873 amounted to 2,886,351,027 feet, viz. ; E. Michigan, 1,351,- 878,286 feet; W. Michigan, 1,205,559,739; upper peninsula, 133,913,002 ; railroad and interior mills, 175,000,000. If the lumber cut into shingles were added, the aggregate would nearly reach 3,000,000,000 feet. The forests of the state are rapidly disappearing, but it is estimated that 33,000,000,000 feet of pine tim- ber is still standing in the lower peninsula. The product of the salt wells for 1874 was 1,026,979 barrels. The total yield from the discovery of the wells in 1860 to the close of 1874 has been 7,789,419 barrels. The lake fisheries are of considerable importance. The value of the catch according to the census of 1870 was $567,576 ; the chief items were 2,165 barrels of herring, 2,787 of pickerel, 47,436 of whitefish, and 14,268 of other fish. Michigan is divided into four customs districts, viz. : Detroit, Huron (port of entry, Port Huron), Michigan (port of entry, Grand Haven), and Superior (port of entry, Marquette). The for- eign commerce (except under the act of July 14, 1870, which permits the shipment of goods without appraisement to interior ports from the ports of first arrival) is carried on wholly with Canada, though an occasional vessel has been despatched from Detroit directly to Eu- rope. The following table exhibits the statis- tics for the year ending June 30, 1874 : DISTRICTS. Value of imports. Exports of domestic products. Exports of foreign products. ENTRANCES. CLEARANCES. Vessels. Tons. Vessels. Tons. Detroit Huron Michigan Superior Total $1,450.072 852,S69 8,445 47,400 13.240,839 5,603,294 14,130 179,980 $52,601 430,780 3,854 612 16 200 870,937 485,423 3,994 . 59,963 3,879 644 10 ' 185 880,495 490,640 2,803 57,417 $2,353,786 $9,043,243 $488,381 4,682 1,420,817 4,718 1,481,855