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528 MIEROSLAWSKI MIGNE father, and equalled him perhaps in delicacy of finish, though he was inferior in color, drawing, and design. He attempted historical subjects in combination with landscape, and his picture of "Rinaldo asleep on the lap of Armida" was repeated by him in several copies. His domestic subjects are held in high estimation. III. F rans, the younger, son .of the preceding, born in Leyden, Dec. 24, 1689, died there, Oct. 22, 1763. He studied painting with his father, and executed similar subjects, although in a much inferior manner. He also made numerous copies of the works of his father and grandfather, which frequently pass for origi- nals with inexperienced purchasers. He was an industrious student of history, and wrote several works relating to the Low Countries, including Historie der nederlandscJie vorsten (3 vols. fol., the Hague, l732-'5), and Groot char- terboek der graven van Holland, Zeeland en Vriesland (4 vols., Leipsic, 1753-'6). He was engaged upon a history of Leyden at his death. MIEROSLAWSKI, Lndwlk, a Polish revolution- ist, born at Nemours, France, in 1814. He is the son of a Polish officer in the French ser- vice, and was educated at the military school in Kalisz. He joined the revolutionists in 1830, served with distinction in the campaigns of the following year, and after the fall of Warsaw removed to Paris. He published va- rious books in Polish and French, and among others a critical military history of the Polish revolution. He was selected by the democratic organization of the Poles at Paris as principal leader for the next rising of Poland. This failed, however (1846), and Mieroslawski was arrested, tried at Berlin, and imprisoned under sentence of death. The Berlin revolution of March, 1848, opened his prison, and he im- mediately hastened to the duchy of Posen, and armed for another Polish rising. A bloody conflict was the result. The Poles gained a signal victory at Miloslaw ; but after some re- verses Mieroslawski resigned his command, and the insurgents were disarmed (May). Early in 1849 he was summoned to Sicily to take command of the revolutionary forces; but after being wounded in the defence of Cata- nia (March), he resigned his post. Once more he took command of a revolutionary army in Baden, but after a few encounters with the Prussians he was obliged to retire to the for- tress of Rastadt, which surrendered soon after (July), and he returned to Paris. He took a brief part in the Polish insurrection of 1863, his command being disastrously defeated at Raziejewo on Feb. 22. He again returned to France, where he has since published several works on the political dissensions among the Polish emigrants. MIFFLIN, a central county of Pennsylvania, intersected by the Juniata river: area, 375 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 17,508. It is traversed by sev- eral high mountain ranges ; the valleys are fer- tile. The Pennsylvania canal and the Pennsyl- vania railroad, with its Lewistown division and Mifflin and Centre county branch, pass through it. The chief productions in 1870 were 322,835 bushels of wheat, 365,806 of Indian corn, 322,- 487 of oats, 73,211 of potatoes, 20,457 Ibs. of wool, 415,115 of butter, and 15,005 tons of hay. There were 4,373 horses, 3,908 milch cows, 4,944 other cattle, 7,552 sheep, and 8,449 swine ; 10 manufactories of clothing, 1 of edge tools and axes, 2 of pig iron, 3 of iron castings, 1 of engines and boilers, 9 of saddlery and har- ness, 4 of woollen goods, 6 flour mills, 4 saw mills, and 11 tanneries. Capital, Lewistown. MIFFLIN, Thomas, an American revolution- ary general, born in Philadelphia in 1744, died in Lancaster, Pa., Jan. 20, 1800. He was by birth and education a Quaker, entered public life in 1772 as a representative from Philadel- phia in the colonial assembly, and in 1774 was a delegate to the first continental congress. In June, 1775, he accompanied Washington to Cambridge as his first aide-de-camp, with the rank of colonel. Subsequently he was adju- tant general, and in the spring of 1776 was commissioned as a brigadier general. He dis- tinguished himself in the battle of Long Island, and in the latter part of 1776 raised considera- able reinforcements in Pennsylvania for Wash- ington's army. In 1777 he was made a major general, and became an active member of the " Conway cabal." The project of making Gates commander-in-chief failing, he resigned his commission, and in 1783 was elected to congress, of which he became president at the close of the year. In 1785 he was speaker of the Pennsylvania legislature, and in 1787 a member of the convention which framed the federal constitution. In October, 1788, he suc- ceeded Franklin as president of the supreme executive council of Pennsylvania ; and in 1790 he was chosen governor of Pennsylvania, which office he held till shortly before his death. MIGNE, Jacques Paul, a French editor, born at Saint-Flour, Cantal, in 1800. He was ordained priest in 1824, and in 1833 founded in Paris the journal L 1 Univers religieux. This he sold in 1836, and conceived the design of publishing a collection in 2,000 volumes of the best eccle- siastical authors ancient and modern, at low prices, and to be called Bibliotheque du clerge. From 1840 to 1845 he issued simultaneously, in 28 volumes each, the Scriptures Sacra Cur sun Completus and the Theologice Cursus Completus. He next founded at Petit Mont- rouge an immense establishment uniting all the branches connected with printing, and em- ploying hundreds of workmen, besides a large staff of clergymen as assistant editors. From this were issued complete collections of the Latin and Greek church fathers, the mediaeval writers, modern controversialists, and pulpit orators. He also published Encyclopedic tJieo- logique (171 vols. 8vo, 1844-'66), comprising three series of dictionaries on subjects con- nected with religion. Archbishop de Quelen of Paris, deeming such an undertaking a mere commercial speculation, forbade the abbeMigne