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MILNE MILNOR 559 and almost completely rewrote his "History of the Jews " (3 vols. 8vo). His later works are: "Hebrew Prophecy, a Sermon " (1865); " Annals of St. Paul's Cathedral " (1868) ; and "Savonarola, Erasmus, and other Essays" (1870). In 1866-'7 a complete edition of his "Historical Works" was published (15 vols. post 8vo). In 1849 Milman was made dean of St. Paul's. MILNE, William, an English missionary, born in the latter part of the last century, died in China in 1822. In 1813 he visited China un- der the auspices of the London missionary so- ciety, and during the next two years travelled extensively through that country, Malacca, and the chief islands of the Indian archipelago, dis- tributing many thousand tracts and Testaments among the natives. He subsequently estab- lished himself in Malacca, and founded a mis- sionary station, which became one of the most important in eastern Asia. He continued to circulate the Scriptures, and also superintended the publication of religious works and of a monthly magazine. In 1817 he was again in China, where he projected the plan of an An- glo-Chinese college, aided in translating the Old Testament into Chinese, and originated the "Indo-Chinese Gleaner," a quarterly publica- tion. He died in the midst of his labors. He is the author of a "Retrospect of the Protes- tant Mission to China." MILNE-EDWARDS, Henri, a French naturalist, born in Bruges, Belgium, Oct. 23, 1800. His father was an Englishman. He studied medi- cine in Paris and took his degree there in 1823, but abandoned practice for physiological pur- suits. He occupied for a time the chair of natural history in the lyceum of Henry IV., and in 1841 accepted a similar post in the museum and the faculty of sciences, of which he became president. In 1838 he succeeded F. Cuvier in the academy of sciences, and in 1854 he was elected a member of the academy of medicine. In 1856 he received the Cop- ley medal of the royal society of London. He was chosen in 1862 professor of zoology in the museum and faculty of sciences, and in 1864 assistant director in the same institution. His publications comprise Becfierches anato- miques sur Us crustaces (1828) ; Manuel de matiere medicale (1832) ; Nouveau formulaire pratique des Tiopitaux (4th ed., 1840) ; CaMers cThistoire naturelle (1834) ; Elements de soolo- gie (1834-'5) ; Histolre naturelle des crustaces (3 vols., 1837-41) ; Histoire naturelle des corail- liaires, ou polypes proprement dits (3 vols., 1858-'60) ; Lecons sur la physiologic et Vana- tomie comparee de Vhomme et des animaux (1855-'65) ; Histoire des mammiferes (1872 et seq.}, &c. . He also superintended the publica- tion of a new edition of Lamarck's Hutoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres (11 vols. 8vo, 1834-'45). His son ALPHONSE, born in Paris in 1835, is a professor in the school of pharmacy, and the author of several works on natural history. 557 VOL. xi. 36 MILNER, John, an English Roman Catholic author, born in London in October, 1752, died in Wolverhampton, April 9, 1826. He was educated at Edgbaston and Douai, and in 1779 was stationed at Winchester. His "History, Civil and Ecclesiastical, and Survey of the An- tiquities of Winchester" (2 vols. 4to, 1798-'9), led to religious controversy, and he issued " Letters to a Prebendary," Dr. Sturges (1800), and "End of Religious Controversy" (1818), which are regarded by Catholics as among their ablest books. Several answers to the "End of Controversy" have appeared. In 1803 he was made bishop of Castabala and vicar apostolic of the Midland district, and he took an active part in opposing the proposed granting of a veto to. the English government on the appointment of Catholic bishops. His other works, chiefly occasional, are numer- ous, and include " Notes on Ireland," a life of Bishop Challoner, a supplement to Butler's "Memoirs of the Irish Catholics," and an in- vestigation into the life of St. George. MILNER. I. Joseph, an English historian, born near Leeds, Jan. 2, 1744, died in Hull, Nov. | 15, 1797. He graduated at Cambridge in 1766, i and after taking orders became head master of the grammar school and lecturer of the prin- cipal church of Hull. His most important work is a " History of the Church of Christ from its Foundation to the 13th Century" (3 vols. 8vo, London, 1794). It was continued by his brother to the reformation. A com- plete edition of his works, with an account of his life, was published by his brother in 1810, in 8 vols. 8vo. II. Isaac, brother of the pre- ceding, born near Leeds, Jan. 1, 1751, died in London, April 1, 1820. On the death of his father he left school, and worked for a time in a factory ; but his brother employed him as an assistant in the grammar school at Hull. In 1770 he entered Queen's college, Cambridge, where in 1774 he became senior wrangler, and in 1775 was elected a fellow. In 1783 he be- came professor of experimental philosophy, in 1788 master of Queen's college, and in 1791 dean of Carlisle. At Cambridge he formed an intimacy with William Wilberforce which en- dured through life, and he died in his house. His principal works are : a continuation of his brother's " History of the Church of Christ," "Animadversions on Dr. Haweis's Church History " (8vo, 1800), " Essay on Human Lib- erty," and two volumes of " Sermons." MILES, Richard Monckton. See HOITGHTON, LORD. MILNOR. James, an American clergyman, born in Philadelphia, June 20, 1773, died in New York, April 8, 1844. After spending a brief period at the university of Pennsylvania, he began the study of law in his native city in 1789, was admitted to the bar in 1794, and practised his profession at Norristown till 1797, when he removed to Philadelphia, where he served in several public stations. In 1810 he became a representative in congress, where he