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720 MOLINE MOLLUSCA Pope Clement VIIL, and a special committee of cardinals was appointed by him in 1597 to examine into the matter. After years of dis- cussion they reported, and in 1609 Paul V. decided that both the Thomist and the Molinist system could be safely taught. The Jesuit Suarez modified Molina's system in a sense opposed to free will, and inconsistent with the latter's doctrine. In our own times Molina's doctrine has been openly taught in Eome, and is in favor with many Dominicans. His famous book was first published with the title Liberi Arbitrii cum Gratia Donis, Divina Prasci- entia, Providentia, Prcedestinatione et Repro- batione Concordia (4to, Lisbon, 1588). An appendix containing a defence of his system appeared in 1589 ; and editions of the entire work were printed at Lyons in 1593, at Venice in 1594, and at Antwerp in 1595. MOLINE, a city of Rock Island co., Illinois, on the E. bank of the Mississippi river, 3 m. above Rock Island, and at the intersection of the Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific, the Rockford, Rock Island, and St. Louis, and the Western Union railroads, 179 m. W. by S. of Chicago; pop. in 1870, 4,166. The river is here divided by an island 3 m. long, and from 16 m. above to 3 m. below the city are the Upper Rapids. By means of a dam immense water power is obtained, and employed by various manufactories, constantly increasing in number and importance. The principal estab- lishments are two extensive plough factories, a paper mill, a woollen factory, tub and bucket factory, wagon factories, founderies, machine shops, flouring mills, &c. The surrounding country contains extensive coal fields. The city has graded schools, including a high school, a free public library, two national banks, a savings bank, a weekly newspaper, and eight churches. It was first settled in 1832. MOLINISTS. See MOLINA. MOLINOS, Miguel de, a Spanish mystic, born in the diocese of Saragossa in 1627, died in Rome, Dec. 29, 1696. He studied at Pamplona and Coimbra, was ordained priest, and in 1669 settled at Rome. In 1675 he published in Spanish a work entitled " The Spiritual Guide," which passed in a few years through 20 edi- tions. Its theories of a religious life, which obtained the name of " quietism," taught that spiritual perfection consisted in the perfect re- pose of all the faculties of the soul in God, and indifference to all the actions of the body. For those who attained this "fixed" or "con- tinuous " state, there was no sin, and no occa- sion for anxiety. The " Spiritual Guide " was condemned by Pope Innocent XI. in 1687, anti the author, after making a public recantation, was committed to prison, where he passed the rest of his life. When his papers were seized, 20,000 letters were found from persons desiring his counsel in spiritual matters. His doctrines were taught, in a form very much modified, by Mme. Guyon, and were reechoed faintly in Fenelon's " Maxims of the Saints." MOLIQUE, Wilhelm Bernhard, a German vio- linist and composer, born in Nuremberg, Oct. 7, 1802, died in Cannstadt, May 10, 1869. His father, who was chapelmaster, gave him his first lessons and taught him the use of several instruments. He showed a strong preference for the violin, and at the age of 14 was sent to Munich and placed under the instruction of Rovelli, whom he succeeded in 1820 as first violinist of the court. In 1822 he made a concert tour through Germany, which did much to increase his reputation. He was con- cert director at Stuttgart from 1826 to 1849, when he went to London, and in 1861 was made professor of composition at the royal academy of music. His works are mostly for the violin, and are held in high esteem. He has also written a symphony, a mass for voices and orchestra, and "Abraham," an oratorio. MOUSE. See CAMPOBASSO. MOLLER, Georg, a German architect, born at Diepholz, Hanover, Jan. 21, 1784, died March 13, 1852. He studied in Carlsruhe and in Italy, and was architect of the grand ducal court at Darmstadt. He published in 1818 a fac- simile of the original design of the cathedral of Cologne, which he had discovered in Darm- stadt, and which, with an additional design found subsequently, is followed in the com- pletion of the two towers of that edifice. His works include many public and private build- ings in Darmstadt and other places, and the ducal palace in Wiesbaden. His principal pub- lications are : Denkmaler deutscher Kunst (3 vols., Darmstadt, 1815-'45) ; Denkmaler deut- scher Baukunst (1821) ; and Beitrage zur Con- structionslehre (6 numbers, 1835-'42). MOLLHAUSM, Baldnin, a German traveller, born in Bonn, Jan. 27, 1825. He came to the United States, in 1851 visited the Rocky moun- tains with Duke Paul of Wtirtemberg, returned to Europe in 1852, and in 1853 was photog- rapher and draughtsman to Lieut. Whipple's expedition to the Pacific. In 1857-'8 he was engaged in Colorado, with Lieut. Ives. Be- sides several novels, he has published Tage- buch einer Reise wm Mississippi nach der Sud- see (Leipsic, 1858 ; English translation by Mrs. Sinnett, 2 vols., London, 1858; 2d ed., entitled Wanderungen durch die Prairien und Wusten des westlichen Nordamerika, 1860) ; Reisen in die Felsengebirge Nordamerikas bis zum Hoch- plateau ton Neumexiko (2 vols., 1861); Nord und Sud, Erzahlungen und Schilderungen aus dem westlichen Nordamerika (2 vols., Jena, 1867). MOLLUSCA, a branch of the invertebrate animal kingdom, so named from the general softness of the body ; some of its members were first defined by Aristotle under the name of mala- kia (soft animals), of which the Latin mollusca and English mollusk are rude equivalents. Cu- vier, between 1792 and 1817, determined the characters and boundaries of this branch by investigating its anatomical structure; before his time the study of the shells with which