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820 MORETO MORGAN of night he surprised and signally defeated the Spaniards, Jan. 25, 1811. His army at length acquired discipline, and he encountered the Spanish army at Cuautla Amilpas, Feb. 19, 1812, and defeated it after a hard-fought battle, in which the royalists lost 500 men. A second army was sent against him, and for several weeks he was besieged in Cuautla, from which he skilfully withdrew his troops May 2, in the face of a greatly superior force. Subsequent- ly he won several victories, captured Orizaba, Tehuacan, and Oajaca, and at length compelled Acapulco to surrender, Aug. 30, 1813. In December of the same year he marched against Valladolid, but was defeated there by Iturbide with great loss. From this time he suffered a succession of defeats, till on Nov. 16, 1815, he was taken prisoner after a gallant resis- tance against an overwhelming force, and was carried to Mexico, tried, and executed. He died with the utmost composure. MORETO, Agnstin, a Spanish dramatist, born about 1600, died in Toledo, Oct. 28, 1669. He was prominent as a writer for the stage until the last 12 years of his life, which he passed as rector of the hospital del refugio of Toledo. He was a friend and imitator of Lope de Vega and Calderon. His works comprise a few re- ligious and heroic plays, and some serious dramas. His most popular comedy, Desden con el desden ("Disdain met with Disdain"), is reckoned among the four classic produc- tions of the Spanish drama, and was adapted for the French stage by Moliere (La princesse d'tilide), for the Italian by Carlo Gozzi (La principessa filosofa, o il Contraveleno), and for the German by Joseph Schreyvogel (West), under the title of Donna Diana. The most nearly complete edition of his comedies was issued between 1676 and 1703. MORETTO, II. See BONVICINO. MORFIT, Campbell, an American chemist, born in Herculaneum, Mo., in 1820. He studied at Columbian college, Washington, D. C., and subsequently devoted himself to the study of chemistry in the laboratory of Prof. James C. Booth of Philadelphia. He then engaged in the manufacture of commercial chemicals. In 1848 he became co-editor with Prof. Booth of the " Encyclopedia of Chemistry." He publish- ed numerous scientific papers, and also wrote a report to the United States ordnance depart- ment on gun metal. For the investigations to which this latter refers he established a laboratory at the Pikes ville arsenal, Md., and he originated the chemical department of the Maryland institute. From 1854 to 1858 he was professor of analytical and applied chem- istry in the university of Maryland, which post he resigned to remove to New York ; and since 1864 he has resided in London, England, His principal works are: " Applied Chemistry in the Manufacture of Soaps and Candles" (Philadelphia, 1847) ; " Chemical and Pharma- ceutical Manipulations" (1848) ; " A Report of the Progress of the Chemical Arts," prepared with Prof. Booth for the Smithsonian institu- tion (1851) ; "Perfumery, its Manufacture and Use" (1852-'5); "Oleic Soaps" (London and New York, 1871); and "Mineral Phosphates" (1873). The last two are elaborately illustrated. MORGAGNI, Giovanni Battista, an Italian anato- mist, born in Forli, Feb. 25, 1682, died in Padua, Dec. 6, 1771. He took his degree of M. D. at Bologna, in 1711 became professor of the theory of physic at Padua, and in 1715 professor of anatomy. He is regarded as the founder of pathological anatomy. His works include Adversaria Anatomica (3 vols. 4to, Bologna and Padua, 1706-' 19), enlarged and published under the title of Adversaria Omnia (6 vols., Padua, 1741) ; and De Sedibm et Causis Morborurn per Anatomen Indagatis (2 vols. fol., 1761 ; 6 vols., Leipsic, 1827), trans- lated into various languages. MORGAN, the name of counties in 10 of the United States. I. A N. E. county of West Virginia, bordering S. W. on Virginia, separated from Maryland by the Potomac, and drained by Cacapon river ; area, 350 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 4,315, of whom 116 were colored. The surface is mountainous, and the soil light and unproductive except in the valleys. There are large deposits of iron and coal. Berkeley Springs in this county is one of the oldest wa- tering places in the United States. The Bal- timore and Ohio railroad passes through the county. The chief productions in 1870 were 27,697 bushels of wheat, 58,142 of Indian corn, 19,835 of oats, 10,915 of potatoes, 7,564 Ibs. of wool, 41,183 of butter, and 1,996 tons of hay. There were 882 horses, 1,112 milch cows, 1,456 other cattle, 2,683 sheep, and 2,552 swine. Capital, Bath. II. A central county of Georgia, bounded E. by Appalachee and Oconee rivers, and drained by their branches ; area, 272 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 10,696, of whom 7,058 were colored. The surface is undulating, and the soil, based on limestone, is fertile. Small quan- tities of gold have been found, and there are large granite quarries. The county is inter- sected by the Georgia railroad. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 19,820 bushels of wheat, 129,948 of Indian corn, 14,325 of oats, 8,019 of sweet potatoes, 38,968 Ibs. of butter, and 4,868 bales of cotton. There were 636 horses, 721 mules and asses, 1,144 milch cows, 1,975 other cattle, 1,363 sheep, and 3,762 swine. Capital, Madison. III. A N. county of Ala- bama, bounded N. by the Tennessee river; area, 720 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 12,187, of whom 3,358 were colored. The surface is mountain- ous and the soil generally fertile. The Mem- phis and Charleston railroad passes through the N. W. part. The chief productions in 1870 were 23,336 bushels of wheat, 333,332 of In- dian corn, 17,701 of oats, 19,902 of sweet po- tatoes, 4,389 bales of cotton, 6,747 Ibs. of wool, 70,886 of butter, and 11,877 gallons of sorghum molasses. There were 2,462 horses, 660 mules and asses, 2,944 milch cows, 924 working oxen, 3,977 other cattle, 4,962 sheep, and 14,844