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108 MUZIANO MUZIANO, Girolamo, an Italian artist, born at Acquafredda, near Brescia, in 1528, died in Rome in 1590 or 1592. He established him- self in Rome about the middle of the cen- tury, and became known both as a landscape and historical painter. The churches of Rome and other Italian cities contain many fine works by him in oil and fresco ; and there is also a celebrated "Christ Washing the Feet of his Disciples" in the cathedral of Rheims, which has been engraved by Desplaces. He was almost equally celebrated as a mosaic worker. His chief architectural work is the chapel of Gregory XIII. in St. Peter's. He was instrumental in founding the academy of St. Luke at Rome, the brief for the establish- ment of which he procured from Gregory XIII. Many of his pictures have been engraved. MUZZEY, Artemas Bowers, an American clergy- man, born in Lexington, Mass., Sept. 21, 1802. He graduated at Harvard college in 1824, and at the Cambridge divinity school in 1828, and was ordained pastor of the Unitarian society in Framingham, Mass., June 10, 1830. He resigned this post in May, 1833, and became pastor successively of the Unitarian churches in Cambridgeport, Jan. 1, 1834; Lee street, Cambridge, in July, 1846 ; Concord, N". H., in March, 1854; and Newburyport, Mass., Sept. 3, 1857, from which he retired in May, 1865. He has published " The Young Man's Friend" (1836) ; " Sunday School Guide " (1837) ; " Mor- al Teacher" (1839); "The Young Maiden" (1840), which has passed through many edi- tions; "Man a Soul "(1842); " The Fireside " (1849) ; " The Sabbath School Hymn and Tune Book " (1855) ; " Christ in the "Will, the Heart, and the Life," a volume of sermons (1861); " The Blade and the Ear, Thoughts for a Young Man" (1864); "Value of the Study of Intel- lectual Philosophy to the Minister" (1869); " Leaves from an Autobiography," in the " Re- ligious Magazine" (1870-72); "The Higher Education." (1871); and numerous tracts, ser- mons, and essays, and reports on common schools and Sunday schools. MYCALE (now Samsuri), a mountain in the south of Ionia in Asia Minor. It is the "W. ex- tremity of Mt. Mesogis, and runs out into the sea in a promontory called Mycale or Trogyli- um (now Cape Santa Maria), directly opposite Samos, from which it is separated by a strait three fourths of a mile wide. This strait was the scene of the great naval victory of the Greeks under Leotychides and Xanthippus over the Persian fleet in September, 479 B. 0. On the N. side of the promontory was the temple of Neptune, where the Panionic festival of the Ionian confederacy was held. On or near the promontory there appears to have been a city of the same name. MYCENJE, or Mycene, a city of ancient Greece, situated on a rocky hill at the N. E. extremity of the plain of Argos. It is said to have been founded by Perseus, and its massive walls were deemed the work of the Cyclops. It is spoken MYCONI of as the favorite residence of the Pelopidae, and as the principal city of Greece during the reign of Agamemnon. From the period of the Dorian conquest its importance declined ; but it still maintained its independence, and in the Persian war contributed its quota of troops. This brought upon it the enmity of the other Argives, who about 468 B. C. laid siege to My- cense, reduced it by famine, and destroyed it. It was never rebuilt, but its remains, near the modern village of Kharvati, are among the grandest and most interesting of the antiqui- ties of Greece. Part of the walls of the acropo- lis to the height in some places of 15 or 20 ft., are still standing, and at the N. W. angle may yet be seen the great entrance to the citadel, styled the " gate of lions " from the two beasts, considered lions, sculptured in a triangular block of gray limestone, supported by two massive uprights. Some suppose that it repre- sented the altar of the deity of the sun, wor- shipped at Mycenae. The most remarkable of Gate of Lions, Mycenae. its other antiquities is the subterranean vault commonly called "the treasury of Atreus," consisting of two chambers, the larger of which is of circular form, 40 ft. high and 50 ft. broad. The lintel of the entrance is formed by two huge blocks, the lower of which is 25 ft. long, 20 ft. wide, and 4 ft. thick, and the other, still covered with earth, is probably of the same dimensions. Except in the ruins of Baalbek, these are the largest blocks found in the walls of buildings. The circular room consists of numerous horizontal rows of stones placed above each other in circles gradually diminishing in diameter. Several archaeologi- cal societies and private persons, among them Schliemann, have recently entered upon nego- tiations with the Greek government for the disinterment of the entire acropolis. MYCONI, or Mycono (anc. Myconus), an island of Greece, in the JEgean sea, one of the Cy- clades, lying E. of Delos and N. of Naxos,