Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XII.djvu/509

NORTH CAROLINA 495 lina college (Lutheran), at Mt. Pleasant, or- ganized in 1859, has collegiate, preparatory, and theological departments. In 1873-'4 there were 6 instructors and a total of 115 students. Wake Forest college (Baptist), at Forestville, Wake co., has preparatory, collegiate, and com- mercial departments. In 1873-'4 there were in all departments 7 instructors and 80 pupils. The institution is well endowed, and has a libra- ry of 8,000 volumes. Eutherf ord male and fe- male college (non-sectarian), opened in 1871 at Excelsior, in 1873-'4hadll instructors and 21 6 pupils, of whom 42 were females. Indigent orphans and children of ministers may receive instruction free of charge. The state contains 11 institutions for the superior instruction of women, which in 1873-'4 had about 100 in- structors and upward of 1,000 pupils. The total number of libraries reported by the census of 1870 was 1,746, with 541,915 volumes. Of these, 1,090, containing 339,264 volumes, were private, and 656, with 202,651 volumes, other than private; among the latter were 3 state libraries, with 16,303 volumes; 3 town, city, &c., 2,316 ; 24 court and law, 4,119; 14 school, college, &c., 77,050; 500 Sabbath school, 74,160; 109 church, 26,951 ; and 3 circulating, 1,752. The total number of newspapers and periodicals was 64, having an aggregate circu- lation of 64,820, and issuing 6,684,950 copies annually. Of these, 8 were daily, with a cir- culation of 11,795 ; 3 tri-weekly, 800 ; 5 semi- weekly, 5,750; 44 weekly, 43,325; 1 semi- monthly, 1,250; and 3 monthly, 1,900. In 1874 there were reported 10 daily, 3 tri-week- ly, 3 semi- weekly, 80 weekly, 2 semi-monthly, and 4 monthly ; total, 102. The total number of religious organizations in 1870 was 2,683, having 2,497 edifices, with 718,310 sittings and property valued at $2,487,877. The denomina- tions were represented as follows : DENOMINATIONS. Organi- zations. Edifices. Sittings. Property. Baptist, regular 951 910 243,920 $578,050 " other 84 28 5845 5285 Christian 66 60 16,200 24,377 Congregational Episcopal, Protestant.. .. Friends 1 77 28 1 68 27 150 22,955 11,250 1,500 403,450 21,485 Jewish 1 1 200 500 Lutheran 78 70 28290 96,550 Methodist Moravian(UnitasFratrum) Presbyterian, regular other Eeformed church in the United States (late Ger- man Eeformed) Eoman Catholic Universalist. 1,193 10 186 19 31 10 2 1,078 10 182 19 29 9 2 800.045 3,300 69,205 7,950 9,300 3,300 COO 775,805 81,000 875,200 20,275 23,400 64,100 700 Unknown (local missions) Unknown (union) Vj 1 2 300 500 15,000 1,250 The first attempt at settlement in North Carolina was made on Roanoke island in 1585 by a party of 108 persons under Ralph Lane, sent out by Sir Walter Raleigh. They quar- relled with the Indians, and returned the f ol- lowing year with Sir Francis Drake's fleet. The year previous to this settlement (1584) 609 VOL. xii. 32 Raleigh, having received from Queen Elizabeth a grant for such lands as he might discover in America, "not possessed by any Christian people," sent out two small vessels, which made the land at Cape Fear, coasted north for a harbor, and finally, early in July, ran into Ocracoke inlet, and landed on an island called by the natives Wococon, where they were hos- pitably received. After slight explorations they bestowed the name of Virginia upon the region, and returned to England with a highly favorable account of the country, which in- duced the expedition of 1585. Other colonists were sent out by Raleigh the same year, and the year following, who are supposed to have fallen victims to the Indians ; and no further attempts were made to colonize the country till about the middle of the 17th century. In 1663 Charles II. formed the province of Caro- lina, which he granted to eight noblemen. This grant was bounded S. by lat. 29, W. by the Pacific ocean, N. by lat. 36 30', and E. by the Atlantic. The grantees were made joint proprietors and vested with jurisdiction over the colonists. Previous to this grant a few settlements had been made in the N. part of the province, near Albemarle sound, by dis- senters from Virginia, and a little colony had been planted near the mouth of Cape Fear river by New Englanders, which was subse- quently abandoned. The philosopher John Locke wrote a scheme of government for the whole province, which was nominally its fun- damental law for about 25 years, but which was so complicated and cumbersome as never to be completely carried out. Albemarle, the name then given to what now constitutes North Carolina, was augmented by settlement from Virginia, New England, and Bermuda. In 1674 the population was about 4,000, and the annual product of tobacco 800,000 Ibs. Thomas Gary was appointed governor in 1705, but was removed to give place to Edward Hyde ; whereupon Gary, to retain his position, incited a rebellion, and at the head of an arm- ed force attacked Edenton, but was repulsed, and finally, by the aid of regular troops from Virginia (1711), the rebellion was suppressed. Meanwhile the province was involved in a war with the savages. The Tuscaroras began a war of extermination ; but by the assistance of neighboring colonies this tribe was subdued (1713), and finally emigrated to the north. Other hostile tribes were also reduced to sub- jection. In 1717 the number of taxable in- habitants did not exceed 2,000, having gained no more than 600 since 1676. In July, 1729, during the administration of Gov. Everard, Carolina became a royal government, the king having purchased from the proprietors seven eighths of their domain ; the remaining eighth was retained by Lord Carteret, who surren- dered his right of jurisdiction, but not of soil. North and South Carolina now became dis- tinct provinces. In 1765 North Carolina had gained considerable accessions to its popula-