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600 NORTHUMBERLAND and the Cobourg, Peterborough, and Marmora railways. Capital, Cobourg. II. A N. E. coun- ty of New Brunswick, Canada, bordering on the gulf of St. Lawrence ; area, 4,760 sq. m. ; Eop. in 1871, 20,116, of whom 8j009 were of pish, 6,895 of Scotch, 3,002 of English, and 1,377 of French origin. It is drained by the Miramichi river and its branches, is heavily timbered, and has a diversified surface. Its commerce is important. Capital, Newcastle. NORTHUMBERLAND, the northernmost county of England, bounded N. W. by Scotland, from which it is partly separated by the river Tweed, E. by the North sea, S. by Durham and Cumberland, and W. by Cumberland; area, 1,952 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 386,646. In the west it is mountainous, being covered by the Cheviot hills ; but along the coast it is level, with a highly fertile soil. The Tyne, Blyth, Coquet, Aln, Till, and Tweed are the princi- pal streams. The county contains vast quan- tities of coal, frequently found together with limestone, lead ore in the mountains to the southwest, iron ore in various parts, and many excellent qualities of stone. The principal ag- ricultural products are wheat, oats, and bar- ley ; and the science of agriculture has been so highly developed that it has become a school to which many resort. Coal and iron are the bases of most of the manufacturing operations. Interesting remains of the Roman era exist, and there are many ruined castles. The prin- cipal towns are Newcastle, the chief centre of trade, Tynemouth, North Shields, Morpeth, and Aln wick, the capital. NORTHUMBERLAND, Dnkes of. See DUDLEY, and PEECT. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY, an institution of learning situated at Evanston, 111., 12 m. N. of Chicago. The university grounds consist of about 30 acres on the shore of Lake Michigan. The principal buildings are university hall, which contains the chapel, library, museum, and recitation rooms, Heck hall or college of theology, and the woman's college of literature and art. The university, which is in charge of the Methodist Episcopal denomination, em- braces the following faculties : 1, college of lit- erature and science; 2, college of technology, founded in 1873 ; 3, college of literature and art, formerly the Evanston college for young ladies, which was united with the university in 1873; 4, conservatory of music ; 5, college of theol- ogy, or Garrett Biblical institute, established in 1856 ; 6, college of law, established in 1873 in conjunction with the university of Chicago, the two institutions agreeing to unite in the maintenance of the Chicago law school; 7, college of medicine, begun in 1869, when the Chicago medical college became a part of the university; 8, preparatory school. The libra- ry contains about 30,000 volumes, 20,000 of which formerly constituted the private libra- ry of Dr. Johannes Schulze of the Prussian ministry of public "instruction, purchased and presented to the university in 1870 by Luther NORTHWEST PROVINCES L. Greenleaf of Evanston. The library has a fund of $60,000, the interest of which is to be added to the principal until a sum sufficient to erect a fire-proof building is secured. ' The University Hall. museum comprises about 15,000 specimens. Every course of study is open to both sexes. The university was chartered Jan. 28, 1851, and formally opened Nov. 1, 1855. Its presi- dents have been as follows : Clark T. Hinman, D. D., 1853-'5-; R. S. Foster, D. D., 1856-'60; Henry S. Noyes (acting), 1860-'69; E. O. Ha- ven, D. D., 1869-'72 ; and 0. H. Fowler, D. D., 1872. In 1874 there were in all the depart- ments 62 professors, instructors, and lectu- rers, and 866 students, of whom 212 were in the academical school, 403 in the preparatory school, 166 in the theological school, and the remainder distributed among the other schools. NORTHWEST PASSAGE. See ARCTIC DISCOV- ERY, and POLAE SEAS. NORTHWEST PROVINCES, a political division of British India, comprising a long and irreg- ular strip of territory lying between lat. 23 51' and 31 10' N., and Ion. 77 and 84 45' E., immediately W. of Bengal. It adjoins Nepaul on the southern and western frontiers of that country, except where the province of Oude intervenes, which is enclosed by the North- west Provinces on all sides but the northern Gurwhal and the Himalaya mountains form the northernmost limits of the division; the western boundaries . are the Punjaub, Rajpoo- tana, and Gwalior; and the southern border is formed by Bundelcund and Rewah. Its name does not accurately describe its posi- tion, for it occupies about the centre of the N. part of India. Area, 80,901 sq. m. ; pop. in 1872, 30,769,056, distributed as follows among the seven administrative commissionerships of the territory: Meerut, 4,973,190; Kumaon, 743,170; Rohilcund, 5,435,550; Agra, 5,038,-