Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XII.djvu/651

ONTARIO 637 hardware, paper, soap, starch, hats and caps, boots and shoes, leather, steam engines, sew- ing machines, &c. (For industrial statistics, see APPENDIX to this volume.) The value of ex- ports to foreign countries for the year ending June 30, 1874, was $25,157,087, viz.: produce of mines, $1,135,418; of the fisheries, $78,- 597; of the forest, $7,322,811; animals and their products, $4,742,020; agricultural prod- uce, $7,573,157; manufactures, $528,451; the rest miscellaneous, including goods not the produce of Canada. Of the whole amount, $2,132,786 was to Great Britain and $19,728,- 081 to the United States. The value of imports from foreign countries for the same period was $49,443,977; of goods entered for home con- sumption, $48,476,357, of which $15,386,224 was from Great Britain and $31,694,999 from the United States. The principal items of im- port are sugar, tea, coal, Indian corn, wheat, hogs, iron and iron manufactures, locomotives and railroad cars, cottons, woollens, fancy goods, and other manufactured articles. The number of entrances from the United States (with which country alone the direct foreign commerce is carried on) for the above men- tioned year was 13,753, with an aggregate ton- nage of 2,516,927; clearances for the United States, 13,979, tonnage 2,325,717; built during the year, 77 vessels, tonnage 15,478. The number of vessels belonging in the province at the close of 1873 was 681, with an aggregate tonnage of 89,111. The railroad system of the province has been rapidly extended during the past ten years, and now connects the prin- cipal points with each other, and with the United States and the province of Quebec. In 1874 there were 2,404 m. of railway, as follows : LINES. TERMINI. Miles in operation in the prov- ince. From To Brockville and Ottawa Brockville . Carleton Place 47 12 71 229 81 14 458 28 158 229 89 50 122& 6 8 9 81 18 24 8T 22- 115 23 54 88 122 74 25 129 66# 19 Perth branch Smith's Falls Perth Canada Central Ottawa Canada Southern Victoria . . Erie and Niagara branch Niagara Fort Erie Cobourg, Peterborough, and Marmora Grand Trunk (W. division) . . Cobourg . . Montreal, Quebec Detroit, Mich (564 m ) London branch St. Mary's London Buffalo division Fort Erie, opposite Buffalo, N. Y. Clifton, on Niagara river Hamilton Goderich Great Western Windsor opposite Detroit Toronto branch Toronto . Sarnia branch Komoka Sarnia Canada air line Fort Erie. Glencoe (150 m.); completed to St. Thomas Petrolia branch. ... Wyoming . . . Petrolia Brantford branch Harrisburg Allanburg branch Clifton Allanburg, on Welland railway Hamilton and Lake Erie. . . Hamilton . Kingston and Pembroke Kingston Pembroke (120 m.) ; completed to Harrowsmith London and Port Stanley London. Port Stanley Midland Port Hope Orillia Peterborough branch Millbrook Lakefleld ... Northern Toronto Meaford Muskoka branch Allendale Orillia St. Lawrence and Ottawa Prescott Ottawa Toronto and Nipissin " Toronto Lake Nipissing (240 m.) ; com- pleted to Coboconk or Shedden. Teeswater . Toronto, Grey, and Bruce TVonto. Owen Sound branch Owen Sound Welland Port Dalhousie Port Colborne Wellington, Grey, and Bruce Harrisburg South extension Kincardine Whitby and Port Perry Whitby Junction Port Perry There are a number of other lines projected or in progress. The principal canals are the Wel- land, 28 m. long, from Port Dalhousie to Port Colborne ; and the Rideau, from Kingston to Ottawa, 126 m. long, including the Cataraqui and Rideau rivers. There are also a number of short canals around rapids in the St. Lawrence and Ottawa rivers. Nine banks were reported on Sept. 30, 1874, with a paid-up capital of $14,554,962, besides which there are numerous branches of banks of the province of Quebec. The government is administered by a lieu- tenant governor, appointed by the governor general of the Dominion in council for five years, assisted by an executive council of five members (attorney general, commissioner of agriculture and secretary and registrar, trea- surer, commissioner of crown lands, and com- missioner of public works), appointed by him- self and responsible to the assembly. The legislative authority is vested in a single cham- ber, styled the house of assembly, consisting of 88 members elected by the qualified voters by districts for four years. Voting is by bal- lot, and the right of suffrage is conferred on all male British subjects 21 years of age, possessed of a small property qualification. The judi- cial power is vested in a court of error and appeal, a court of queen's bench, a court of common pleas, a court of chancery, county courts, and division courts. The first consists of a chief justice and six judges, and has