Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XIV.djvu/557

SAINTINE SAINT JOHN 533 manufactories of woollens, wooden ware, leath- er, lace, organs, iron castings, mill machinery, and boots and shoes, a grist and saw mill, a bank, a branch bank, several hotels, a telegraph office, a tri-weekly and two weekly newspa- pers, and a monthly periodical. One of the weeklies is published in English; the other publications are in French. SAINTINE, the pseudonyme of JOSEPH XAVIER BONIFACE, a French author, born in Paris, July 10, 1798, died there, Jan. 21, 1865. He early won academical prizes for his poetry, and in 1837 the Montyon prize of 3,000 francs for his story of Picciola (37th ed., revised, 1861), which has been translated into many languages. He published many other stories, novels, and miscellaneous works, and (under the name of Xavier) hundreds of plays, the last in conjunction with other dramatists. Mrs. Wood (Anne T. Wilbur) published " The Soli- tary of Juan Fernandez, or the real Robinson Crusoe" (Boston, 1851), a translation of Sain- tine's Seul! and "The Queen of the Danube" (1859), from his Trois reines, ehronique du XV' sttcle ; and Schele de Vere a translation of his Mythes du Shin (London, 1874), with illustra- tions by Dor6. SAINT JAMES, a S. E. parish of Louisiana, having Lake Maurepas on the northeast and intersected by the Mississippi ; area, 330 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 10,152, of whom 6,877 were col- ored. The surface is level and the soil fertile. The plantations are chiefly on the river. It is intersected by the New Orleans, Mobile, and Texas railroad. The chief productions in 1870 were 91,105 bushels of Indian corn, 3,450 Ibs. of tobacco, 934,915 of rice, 3,041 bales of cot- ton, 6,265 hogsheads of sugar, and 347, 722 gal- lons of molasses. There were 66 molasses and sugar establishments. Capital, Couvent. SAINT JEAN D'ACRE. See ACRE. SAINT JOHN, a river of North America, called by the Indians Looshtook (Long, river), which rises, under the name of the S. W. branch, in the highlands that separate Maine from Que- bec, Canada, at the Metjarmette portage. It flows N. E. to the junction of the St. Fran- cis, about 150 m., for 100 m. of which, com- mencing at the junction of the N. W. branch, it is known as the Walloostook. From the mouth of the St. Francis it flows E. N. E. and then S. E. to the Grand falls, where it has a perpendicular descent of 70 or 80 ft., thence nearly S. to lat. 46, when it turns suddenly and flows E. for 100 m. to the entrance of the outlet of Grand lake, thence in a broad chan- nel due S. to Kingston, then S. S. W. to West- field, and finally S. E. to the bay of Fundy at St. John. Its whole course is about 450 m. ; of this 225 m. of the lower portion is wholly within British territory ; 75 m. from the Grand falls to the St. Francis forms the boun- dary between Maine and New Brunswick ; the next 112 m. is in Maine ; and from its source to lat. 46 25' N., Ion. 70 4' W., 38 m., it forms the boundary between Maine and Que- bec. It has 11 principal affluents, the largest being the Alleguash, St. Francis, Madawaska, and Aroostook. It is navigable for vessels of 120 tons to Fredericton, 84 m. from its mouth ; small steamboats ascend to Woodstock, 75 m. further, and even at times to the Grand falls, 225 m. from its mouth ; above this point it is navigated by steamboats 40 m., to the mouth of the Madawaska. It affords a vast water power. With its branches it furnishes 1,300 m. of navigable waters, and drains 17,000,000 acres, of which 9,000,000 are in New Bruns- wick, 2,000,000 in Quebec, and 6,000,000 in Maine. SAINT JOHN, a lake of Canada. See QUEBEC, vol. xiv., p. 1*35. SAINT JOHN, a S. county of New Brunswick, Canada, bordering on the bay of Fundy, and intersected by the St. John river; area, 585 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 52,120, of whom 30,128 were of Irish, 13,772 of English, 5,785 of Scotch, 739 of German, 616 of African, 377 of Dutch, and 340 of French origin or descent. The surface is agreeably diversified and the soil fertile. The European and North Ameri- can and the Intercolonial railways traverse the county. Capital, St. John. SAINT JOHN, the chief city and seaport of New Brunswick, Canada, capital of St. John co., on a harbor of the same name, at the mouth of the river St. John in the bay of Fundy, 84 m. by the course of the river or 54 m. in a straight line S. S. E. of Fredericton, and 130 m. W. N. W. of Halifax, N. S. ; lat. 45 a 14' 6" N., Ion. 66 3' 30" W. ; pop. in 1861, 27,317; in 1871, 28,805; in 1875, including suburbs, about 50,000. The greater portion of the city stands on a rocky peninsula projecting into the harbor on the E. side of the river. The site rises gradually from the harbor. The streets are wide, and chiefly laid out at right angles ; some of them are very steep and cut through the solid rock to a depth of 30 or 40 ft. The buildings are principally of brick and stone, and there are many fine public edifices, the chief of which are the Roman Catholic cathe- dral, the provincial lunatic asylum, the city hospital, the court house and jail, the market house, the Carleton city hall, the opera house, the post office, the Victoria hotel, the marine hospital, the almshouse, the academy of music, the dramatic lyceum, the mechanics' institute, the skating rink, and the barracks. The Do- minion penitentiary, a large granite building, is about a mile from the city, and about a mile and a half distant is the Rural cemetery, con- taining 110 acres. St. John is lighted with gas, and is supplied with water from Little river, 4 m. distant, by two iron pipes having a joint capacity of 5,500,000 gallons a day. Horse cars connect the city with Portland and Indian- town. On the W. side of the river is a portion of the city called Carleton. Adjoining the main portion of the city and practically part of it is the town of Portland (pop. in 1871, 12,520), which is well built, lighted with gas,