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438 WALLETTE WALLON abroad, he was appointed second in command of the parliamentary forces under the earl of Essex ; distinguished himself in the reduction of Portsmouth (16-12); subsequently sustained defeats at Lansdown, near Bath, and at Round- way Down, near Devizes (1643) ; gained a vic- tory at Cherrytown Down, near Winchester, and was again defeated at Cropredy bridge in Oxfordshire (1644). The passage of the self- denying ordinance in April, 1645, deprived him of military command, but in parliament he con- tinned as one of the leaders of the Presbyte- rians; and he was one of the 11 members of the house who in June, 1647, were impeached of high treason by the army, and expelled. Subsequently he returned, and continued to sit until the Presbyterians were driven out by Col. Pride, Dec. 6, 1648. On Feb. 25, 1660, he was one of the council of state appointed by the house of commons, and he sat in the con- vention parliament. He wrote " Divine Medi- tations upon several Occasions, with a Daily Directory" (8vo, London, 1680), and "Vindi- cation of Sir William Waller " (8vo, 1793). WALLKTTE, the N. W. county of Dakota, bordering on British America and Montana, not included in the census *f 1870 ; area, about 3,350 sq. m. It is bounded S. by the Missouri river and drained by several small affluents of that stream. The surface is rolling, and is mostly occupied by the Plateau du Coteau du Missouri. WALL FLOWER, a perennial cruciferous plant, cheiranthus cheiri (from the Arabic name chei- ri). It is a native of southern Europe, but is Wall Flower (Chetranthus cheiri). naturalized in northern and central Europe. Itowas introduced into England from Spain over 800 years ago as wall gillofer, which be- came wall gilliflower and wall flower ; it was called wall gillofer from growing in rocky places and on old walls, to distinguish it from the common gillofer, which is now called stock gilliflower. (See GILLIFLOWEB.) The flattened pods, the wingless seeds, the much less hoary foliage, and the orange-colored flowers of the wall flower allow it to be readily distinguished from the gillitiower. It grows 1 to 2 ft. high, with lance-shaped entire leaves, and blooms in early spring, its flowers being very fragrant, especially at evening. Cultivation has pro- duced many varieties, both single and double, the color of the flowers varying from yellow to blood-red, and some being handsomely va- riegated ; the choicer kinds are propagated by cuttings, as they do not come true from seeds, which the doubles rarely produce. In the northern states this plant can only be culti- vated by preserving it during winter in a cool greenhouse or a pit. The seeds are sown in spring, and the plants will bloom in the fol- lowing spring. Several other species are cul- tivated in Europe. WILLIS, Switzerland. See VALAIS. WALLIS, John, an English mathematician, born at Ashford, Kent, Nov. 23, 1616, died Oct. 28, 1703. He was educated at Cambridge, took holy orders in 1640, and in 1641 became chap- lain to Sir William Darley. When the civil war broke out he took the parliamentary side, and deciphered the intercepted letters of the royalists. In 1648 the sequestrated living of St. Gabriel, Fenchurch street, London, was given to him, and in 1644 he was appointed a secretary of the assembly of divines at West- minster, of the proceedings of which he wrote an account. Ho was among the first who joined the meetings in 1645 which afterward gave rise to the royal society. In 1649 he was appointed Savilian professor of geometry at Oxford. He had a mathematical controversy with Hobbes, carried on by pamphlets from 1655 to 1663. In 1658 he became keeper of the university archives. After the restora- tion, which he favored, he was named one of the king's chaplains in ordinary. His Opera, Mathematica were published in 8 vols. (Oxford, 1697-'9); the most important of them is the Arithmetica Injinitorum, in which he foreshad- owed the binomial theorem and the method of fluxions. He wrote also Grammatical Lingua Anglicana (1653), and Institutio Logicce (1687). WALLIS, Severn Teatkle, an American law- yer, born in Baltimore, Md., Sept. 8, 1816. He graduated at St. Mary's college, Baltimore, in 1882, and was admitted to the bar in 1837. In 1861 he was a member of the legislature, and since 1870 he has been provost of the uni- versity of Maryland. His "Discourse on the Life and Character of George Peabody " was delivered in 1870 before the Peabody insti- tute of Baltimore, of which he is a trustee, and before the legislature. He has published "Glimpses of Spain" (New York, 1849), and " Spain, her Institutions and Public Men " (Bos- ton, 1853). WALLON, Henri Alexandra, a French author, born in Valenciennes, Dec. 23, 1812. He