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514 WATTEAU WAUKESHA 1804). He had fused 7 cwt. of basalt, and suf- fered it to cool slowly in the mass ; then, break- ing it up, he had observed the structure of the different parts, the crystallization of the mid- dle portion, which had necessarily cooled most slowly, being found the most complete. WATTEAU, Jean Antoine, a French painter, born in Valenciennes, Oct. 10, 1684, died at Nogent- sur-Marne, near Paris, July 18, 1721. He early attempted landscapes, though he received but little instruction from his teachers, one of whom he accompanied in 1702 to Paris. He studied under Claude Gillot and Claude Au- dran, the custodian of the Luxembourg palace, whore he found inspiration in Rubens's pic- tures ; and he subsequently improved his color- ing after the Venetian masters. After leaving Audran's studio in 1709, he received an aca- demical prize for one of his pictures, and his "Departure of Troops" and "Halt of the Army" obtained for him in 1712 a pension from the king. In 1717, on being formally re- ceived as a member of the academy, he ex- hibited his " Embarking for Cythera," which made him famous. The merit of his faithful and brilliant delineations of the costumes, manners, and life of the latter part of the reign of Louis XIV. and under the regency, has been fully recognized in recent times. In 1875 a national subscription was proposed to erect a monument to him at Valenciennes. His fetes elegantes, pastoral pieces, and genre pictures are remarkable for grace and originality, as well as his landscapes, which inaugurated a more unconventional method of painting. He also excelled in portraits and engraving. He left over 550 pieces, which have been engraved. WATTS, George Frederick, an English painter, born in London in 1820. His cartoon of " Caractacus " obtained a first class prize at the Westminster hall competition in 1843, and his colossal oil pictures, " Echo " and " Alfred inciting the Saxons to Maritime Enterprise," received a prize of 500, and were purchased for the new houses of parliament. He has also painted for that edifice "St. George over- coming the Dragon," and in 1861 he completed in Lincoln's Inn hall a large design in fresco representing the great lawgivers of all races and times. He was made an associate of the royal academy in 1867. Of late he has con- fined himself principally to portrait painting. WATTS, Isaac, an English clergyman, born in Southampton, July 17, 1674, died in London, Nov. 25, 1748. He was educated in his father's boarding school and at a dissenting academy in London under the Rev. Thomas Rowe, became in 1696 a private tutor at Stoke-Newington, and in 1698 assistant minister to the Rev. Isaac Ohauncey of an Independent congregation then meeting in Mark lane, London, of which he became pastor in 1702. His health suffering, he obtained an assistant in 1703, and in 1712 went to live with Sir Thomas Abney, a Lon- don alderman, in whose family he remained as a guest 36 years till his death. His "Logic, or the Right Use of Reason" (London, 1725), and his "Improvement of the Mind" (1727), based on the philosophy of Locke, are the best known of his prose writings, though he also published a work on astronomy and geography, several volumes of sermons, and theological treatises, of which the best known is one on the Trinity. His poetical works include " Hymns and Spiritual Songs " (London, 1707), "Psalms of David imitated in the Language of the New Testament" (1719), and "Divine Songs attempted in easy Language for the Use of Children" (1726). Many of his psalms and hymns are found in all church collections. The first complete collection of his works was published by Drs. Jennings and Doddridge (6 vols. 4to, London, 1754). His biography by Dr. Johnson is included in the " Lives of the Poets." His Uora> Lyricce was republished in 1837, with a memoir by Southey. Dr. Watts never married. His stature scarcely exceeded five feet. There is a monument to his mem- ory in Westminster abbey, and the foundation stone of a memorial hall in his honor was laid at Southampton, May 6, 1875. WAT TYLER. See RICHARD II. WAFKEGAN, a city and the capital of Lake co., Illinois, on the W. shore of Luke Michigan, 35 m. N. by W. of Chicago, and 50 m. S. by E. of Milwaukee, with which places it is connected by rail; pop. in 1860, 8,483; in 1870, 4,507; in 1875, about 5,500. The city is principally built on a bluff rising near the lake shore abruptly to the height of about 80 ft. Between the bluff and the lake shore is a level tract, about 400 yards wide, occupied by dwellings, gardens, and some warehouses. The site is traversed by deep, winding ravines. Several mineral springs have been recently discovered, and the city is becoming a summer resort. It has an active trade, especially in produce, wool, and timber. The chief manufactories are the Forsyth scale works, the Werden table factory, and Powell's pump works. There are several fine school buildings, a bank, two weekly news- papers, and nine churches. WAl'KESHA, a S. E. county of "Wisconsin, drained by Fox and Bark rivers ; area, 576 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 28,274; in 1875, 29,425. It has a level surface, diversified with prairie and woodland and numerous smnll lakes. The soil is extremely fertile. Blue limestone, excellent for building, is found. It is intersected by the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul railroad. The chief productions in 1870 were 651,605 bushels of wheat, 64,525 of rye, 518,798 of Indian corn, 501,443 of oats, 58,034 of barley, _".'.2*7 of buckwheat, 406,184 of potatoes, 864,- 215 Ibs. of butter, 33,585 of cheese, 808,071 of wool, and 50,339 tons of hay. There were 9,660 horses, 10,515 milch cows, 8,898 other cattle, 73,339 sheep, and 15,888 swine; 6 man- ufactories of agricultural implements, 13 of carriages and wagons, 13 of saddlery and har- ness, 6 of lime, 9 flour mills, 8 saw mills, and 2 woollen mills. Capital, Waukesha.