Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XVI.djvu/687

WINDS wind becomes excessive, the weights are by centrifugal force thrown outward, and the ac- tion draws the sail in toward the axis, where it can exert less effect, while the small weight slides up the link to allow of this ; when the excessive impulse ceases, the heavier weight and link return to a more nearly vertical posi- tion, and the lighter weight, sliding down the link, returns the sail to the end of the arm. WINDS, Vinds, or Slovens (Slav. Sloventzi), a Slavic people inhabiting chiefly the rural dis- tricts of the Illyrian provinces of Cisleithan Austria. They are also designated as southern Wends, in contradistinction to the Wends of northern Germany. (See WENDS.) They be- long to the Illyro-Servian branch of the Slavs, and their number in Styria, Carinthia, Carni- ola, and the Littorale amounts to about 1,200,- 000, besides whom there are some Winds in southwestern Hungary and in Friuli, Italy. Their relation to the Veneti of the ancients is a matter of learned controversy. (See VENE- TIA.) About A. D. 600 they appear in their present abodes, in warfare with the dukes of Bavaria, and subsequently with the margraves of Friuli. In the 8th century they became subject to the Frankish empire, and their ter- ritory, then often designated as Corutania, was constituted by Charlemagne a borderland under the name of the Windish March. This was subsequently broken up and largely German- ized. The oldest remnants of Windish or more properly Slovenish literature, consisting of re- ligious pieces, date from the 10th century. The reformation gave new life to the Slavic vernacular in these regions, which did not en- tirely cease with the extirpation of Protestant- ism, and a new literary revival began toward the close of the 18th century. This movement, which was subsequently fostered by Kopitar and other writers, has of late also assumed a political form, allying itself to similar agita- tions in Croatia and other Slavic parts of the Austrian empire, and increasing its internal complications. WINDSOR, a S. E. county of Vermont, sepa- rated from New Hampshire by the Connecticut river; area, 900 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 36,063. It is mountainous on the W. border and hilly in other parts, and the soil is fertile. Granite, limestone, and soapstone are abundant. The county is traversed by the Vermont Central and the Connecticut and Passumpsic Eivers railroads. The chief productions in 1870 were 36,901 bushels of wheat, 278,736 of Indian corn, 283,740 of oats, 39,823 of buckwheat, 439,416 of potatoes, 1,083,207 Ibs. of butter, 602,818 of wool, 788,558 of maple sugar, and 111,511 tons of hay. There were 7,334 horses, 13,864 milch cows, 19,419 other cattle, 117,277 sheep, and 4,815 swine. The whole number of manufacturing establishments was 467, hav- ing an aggregate capital of $2,569,990; value of products, $3,759,271. The most important were 11 manufactories of agricultural imple- ments, 17 of carriages and wagons, 2 of cotton WINDSOR 663 goods, 13 of furniture, 4 of lime, 4 of machi- nery, 15 of saddlery and harness, 2 of shoe pegs, 2 of wooden ware, 12 of woollens, 1 blast furnace, 3 iron founderies, 12 flour mills, 8 tan- neries, 6 currying establishments, and 30 saw mills. Capital, Woodstock. WINDSOR, a town of Hartford co., Connecti- cut, on the W. bank of the Connecticut river, between Hartford and Windsor Locks; pop. in 1870, 2,783. The town was one of the first settled in Connecticut. William Holmes, one of the settlers of Plymouth colony, with sev- eral associates, in October, 1633, erected a building on the banks of the Connecticut, just below the mouth of its tributary the Tunxis or Farmington, and fortified it strongly with palisades. It was built for and occupied as a " trading house," until the arrival of perma- nent settlers from Massachusetts in 1636. The rich meadows, overflowed by the spring freshet, being at this point of considerable width and free from forests, were particularly valuable to the first settlers. The population is largely agricultural, but the town is rapidly filling up at the centre with the residences of artisans and others from Hartford. WIXDSOK LOCKS, on the Connecticut river, 12 m. above Hart- ford, and on the New York, New Haven, and Hartford railroad, was a part of Windsor till 1854, when it was incorporated as a separate town ; pop. in 1870, 2,154. It is supplied with water power by the Enfield Falls canal, and is largely engaged in manufacturing, having sev- eral paper mills, stockinet, silk, and cotton fac- tories, steel works, iron foundery, &c. WINDSOR. I. A town and port of entry of Essex co., Ontario, Canada, on the Detroit river, opposite the city of Detroit, and at the W. terminus of the Great Western railway; pop. in 1871, 4,253. It contains several brew- eries and distilleries, and manufactories of to- bacco, leather, brooms, wooden ware, soap and candles, boots and shoes, wine, carriages, &c. There are two branch banks, a high school, a daily and two weekly newspapers, a convent, and churches of four denominations. The value of imports for the year ending June 80, 1874, was $918,391 ; of exports, $271,826. II. A port of entry and the capital of Hants co., Nova Scotia, on an arm of Mines basin, and on the Windsor and Annapolis railway, 27 m. N. W. of Halifax ; pop. in 1871, 2,715. There are extensive quarries of limestone, gypsum, and other valuable minerals in the vicinity. The streets are lighted with gas. It contains an iron foundery, several mills and factories, a branch bank, a weekly newspaper, and six churches, and is the seat of King's college. The value of imports for the year ending June 30, 1874, was $264,310; of exports, $127,294. WINDSOR, or New Windsor, a municipal and parliamentary borough and parish of Berk- shire, England, on the brow of a hill above the right bank of the Thames, 23 m. W. of London ; pop. within the municipal limits in 1871, 11,769. An iron bridge across the