unmounted, they may have served as wedges, chisels, and knives. The purposes which similar instruments serve among modern savages must be much the same as those for which the stone celts found in this country were employed by our barbarian predecessors. An admirable summary of the uses to which stone hatchets—the "Toki" of the Maori—are, or were applied in New Zealand, has been given by Dr. W. Lauder Lindsay.[1] They were used chiefly for cutting down timber, and for scooping canoes[2] out of the trunks of forest trees; for dressing posts for huts; for grubbing up roots, and killing animals for food; for preparing firewood; for scraping the flesh from the bones when eating, and for various other purposes in the domestic arts. But they were also employed in times of war, as weapons of offence and defence, as a supplementary kind of tomahawk.
For all these purposes stone celts must also have been employed in Britain, and some may even have been used in agriculture. We can add to the list at least one other service to which they were applied, that of mining in the chalk in pursuit of flint, as the raw material from which similar instruments might be fashioned.
- ↑ Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., vol. v. p. 327. See also R. Brough Smyth, "Aborig. of Victoria," vol. i, p. 357.
- ↑ It is, however, to be observed that among the North American Indians fire was the great agent employed in felling trees and in excavating canoes, the stone hatchet being called in aid principally to remove the charred wood.—Schoolcraft, "Ind. Tribes," vol. i. p. 75.
