GIBSON
GIDDINGS
of the N.Y. chamber of commerce, and of the
Century association and other clubs. He is the
author of occasional contributions on technical
subjects to different magazines and other publi-
cations.
GIBSON, William, surgeon, was born in Balti- more, JId., March l-l, 1788; son of John Gibson of Rose Hill, Md. In 1809 he was graduated in medicine from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, where he was the pupil and friend of Sir Charles Bell. After studying in London and Paris, he returned to Baltimore where he was one of the founders of the University of Marj'- land, holding the chair of surgery, which chair he afterward held in the University of Pennsyl- vania, ISlO-o-). While in Baltimore he gave efficient aid at the time of the riots of 1813. In 1815 he took part in the battle of Waterloo, fight- ing with the allied forces. He travelled exten- sively in Asia and Africa and made frequent visits to Europe, where he met and was friendly with Lord Byron and with the leading surgeons of the day, including Halford, Velpeau and Aber- nethy, and Sir Astley Cooper. He was an au- thority on obstetrics and was the first surgeon successfully to perform the operation of hysterot- omy twice on the same patient. He was also the first surgeon in America to perform a Cesar- ean section. In 1858 he retired from jiractice and removed to Newport, R.I. He was married to Sarah Charlotte, daughter of Col. Samuel Hoi lings worth of Hagerstown, Md. He is the author of: Principles and Practices of Snrr/ery (3 vols., 1824), which was used as a text-book in Americaand England ; Pambles in Europe with bio- graphical sketches of surgeons (1839); and Lect- 7ires on Eminent Belgian Surgeons and Physicians < 1 84 1 ) . He died in Savannah, Ga. , March 3, 1868.
QIBSON, William Mamilton, artist and au- thor, was born in Sandy Hook, Conn., Oct. 5, 1850; son of Edmund Trobridge Hastings and Elizabeth Charlotte (Sanford) Gibson of Boston, Mass. ; and great-grandson of Chief -Justice Richard H. Dana of Cambridge, Mass. He was educated at The Gunnery, Washington. Conn., and at the Poly- technic institute of Brooklyn, N.Y., and in 1870 determined to devote himself to illustrating. He was self -instructed in art, receiving his first en- couragement in this direction from Mrs. Henry Ward Beecher, but was discouraged bj- Mr. Par- sons, head of the art department of Harper & Brothers. He finally obtained a foothold as a specialist in botanical drawing and became connected in this capacity with the American AriricnUnrist and the Hearth and Home- He also illustrated botanical articles in the " Amer- ican Cyclopaedia." He was for a year engaged on the Art Journal, was one of the illustrators of "Picturesque America" and also illus
^M
trated for Harper's Magazine. He contributed
regularly to the Water-color exhibitions after
1873. He was married in 1873 to Emma Ludlow,
daughter of Charles Augustus Ludlow Blan-
chard of Brooklyn, N.Y. He became a member
of the Water-color society in 1885, receiving the
prize for his painting
" Evening Red " in
the exhibition of Feb-
ruary, 1885. He was
also a member of the
Art union, the Sala-
niagundi, Barnard
and Authors' clubs
and the Century as-
sociation. His Au-
tumn Study was ex-
hibited in London in
1873. He illustrated,
among other books,
The Heart of the II7(rte
Mountains (1882);
Nature's Serial Story (1885) ; Pictorial Edition of Longfelloio (1875), and In Berkshire uith the Wild Eloioers. He had a winter stiulio in Brooklyn, N.Y., and one In summer in Washington, Conn. He wrote and illustrated Camp Life in the Woods (1876) ; Pastoral Days (1881) ; Highways and Byways (1883) ; Happy Hunting Grounds (1886) ; Sharp Eyes (1890); Strolls by Starlight and Sunlight (1891); My Studio Xeighhors ( 1S96) ; and Eye Spy (1897) ; and an illustrated botany, left inc<miplete. His lectures on "The Mysteries of Flowers" were illustrated by mechanical charts invented and patented by him which exhibited the insect enter- ing the flower to gather tlie honey and coming out decorated with pollen to be carried to an- other flower. He painted A Brook Meadoic ; ^Vash- iiirjton Valley ; The Edge of the Woods and other studies from nature. He died in AVashington, Conn., July 10, 1890. His biography was written by John Coleman Adams (1901)
QIDDINQS, Franklin Henry, economist and sociologist, was born at Sherman, Conn., March 33, 1855; son of the Rev Edward Jonathan and Rebecca (Fuller) (Jiddings; grandson of Au- gustine Jonathan Giddings. and of Revilo Fuller ; and a descendant from George Giddings, Ipswich, Mass., 1635, and from Edward Fuller of the Mayflower company. He was graduated from Union in 1877 and engaged in newspaper work, writing articles on politics and economics for the Daily Union and Bepublican, Springfield, Slass. In 1885 he made an investigation of productive co-operation and profit sharing in the United States, the results of which were published in the seventeenth annual report of the Massachusetts bureau of statistics of labor. In 1888 he accepted the position of resident lecturer on political
