HOLLAND
HOLLAND
of the Puritan church that formed in Plymouth,
England, and who immigrated with their pastor
to New England, settling at Dorchester, Mass.,
in 1630. Harrison Holland was the inventor of
various devices used in carding and weaving, and
ran a carding ma-
chine. The introduc-
tion of small factories
in 1820 destroyed his
business and after re-
moving with liis fam-
ily from one town to
another in Massa-
chusetts, he settled in
Northampton, where
Josiah attended the
high school, and to
relieve the household
of expense, became
an inmate of Judge
Deweiz'shome, work-
ing about the place
for his board. Hard study and physical neglect
prostrated him for many months. On liis
recovery in 1838, he instructed classes in pen-
manship in Northampton and the adjacent
towns, was a daguerreotype artist, and also
taught the district schools. He began to study
medicine in the office of Drs. Barrett and
Thompson in 1840, and was graduated from the
Berkshire Medical college. Pittsfield, Mass., Nov.
3, 1843. He practised at Springfield, Mass.,
with Dr. Charles Bailey, a classmate, until 1847,
when he gave up the practice of medicine and
started a literary journal. The Bay State Weekly
Courier, whieli was discontinued at the end of
six montlis for want of support. He then formed
a partnership with Dr. Charles Robinson, after-
ward governor of Kansas, for the purpose of es-
tablishing a hospital for women, but at the end
of six months the enterprise was discontinued.
For three months of 1848 he taught a private
school in Riclimond, Va., and then accepted the
position of superintendent of public schools in
Vicksburg, Miss., where he labored earnestly
and successfully for fifteen months, re-arranging
and grading the schools of that city. He re-
turned to Massachusetts in 1850, and was con-
nected with Samuel Bowles on the Springfield
Republican as assistant editor, and in 1853 be-
came quarter-owner of the paper. He began his
lecturing career in 1857, and filled engagements
in all parts of the country, esi^ecially in the
west. These lectures brought him in a large in-
come. He declined an invitation from Charles
Scribner to become editor of Hours at Home.
He sold his interest in the Republican in 1867
and sailed for Europe, accompanied by his family,
and remained abroad until 1869. In 1870, in
company with Messrs. Scribner, Armstrong &
Co., and Roswell Sniitli, he fovmded the Scrib-
ner's Magazine and edited it and its successor,
the Century Magazine, until liis death. He was
president of the New York city board of educa-
tion, and chairman of the board of trustees of the
College of the City of New York. He was mar-
ried in 1845 to Elizabeth Chapin, of Springfield,
Mass., and had two daughters and a son. Many
of his writings were first published in the col-
umns of the Springfield Republican under the
pen name " Timothy Titcomb," as the " Titcomb
Letters." He contributed to the Home Journal,
the Knickerbocker Magazine and other periodi-
cals, and is the author of: History of Western
Massachusetts (3 vols., 1855); The Bay Path; a
Colonial Tale (1857); Timothy Titcomb's Letters
to Young People, Married and Single (1858); Bit-
ter Su-eet, a Poem in Dramatic Form (1858);
Gold Foil, Hammered from Popular Proverbs
(1859); Miss Oilberfs Career, a novel (1860);
Lessons in Life (1861); Letters to the Joneses
(1863); Plain Talks on Familiar Subjects (1865);
Life of Abraham Lincoln {\SQi~)); Kathrina: Her
Life and Mine (1867); The Marble Prophecy and
Other Poems (1872); Arthur Bonnicastle, a novel
(1873); Garnered Sheaves, a complete collection
of his i^oetical works (1873); The Mistress of the
3Ianse, a poem (1874); The Story of Seven Oaks
(1875); Every Day Topics (1876); Nicholas Min-
turn (1876). See Josiah Gilbert Holland (1894),
by Mrs. H. M. Plunkett. He died at his home in
New York city, Oct. 12. 1881.
HOLLAND, Robert Afton, clergyman, was born in Nasliville, Tenn., June 1, 1844; son of Robert Chapel and Elizabeth (Turner) Holland. He was educated at Louisville college, was chaplain of Buford's cavalry brigade in the Con- federate army, 1862-65; pastor of Trinity Metho- dist church, Baltimore, Md., 1866-70, and in 1870 became editor of The Christian Advocate, which was published in that city. He took orders in the Protestant Episcopal church in 1872, and was rector of St. Georges church, St. Louis, Mo., 1872-80; Trinity church, Cliicago, 111., 1880-84; Trinity cliurch. New Orleans, La., 1884-86, and St. George's church, St. Louis, Mo., from 1886. He was one of the faculty of the Concord Sum- mer School of Philosophy at Concord, Mass., 1880-86, and vice-president of the American Social Science association and founder of the American Branch of the Christian Social Union. He is the author of: The Philosophy of the Real Presence; The Relations of Philosophy to Agnos- ticism and to Religion; The Proof of Liimor- tality; Midsummer Night's Dream, an Interpre- tation; Democracy in the Church; The Lily of Womanhood; Why Keep Lent? Masters of Man- kind, and contributions to periodicals.
