SHERMAN
SHERMAN
quarters at Savannah he left Sherman at Pitts-
burg Landing, authorizing him to assign the ar-
riving regiments into brigades and divisions.
He was promoted major-general U.S.V. May 1,
1862 ; and commanded his division in the advance
from Pittsburg Landing to Corinth, Miss., April
15-May 30, 1862. Under orders from General
Grant, he took command of the right wing of the
13th army corps, composed of all the troops at
Memphis, and Gen. Frederick Steele's division at
Helena, Tenn., to co-operate in the combined at-
tack against Vicksburg. Grant's army was inter-
cepted by Van Dorn at Holly Springs, and Sher-
man, arriving at Chickasaw Bluffs, Dec. 27, 1862,
and receiving no support, made an ineffectual
attempt to capture the place, Jan. 3, 1863, and
was repulsed with a heavy loss, returning to
Millikens Bend, La. On Jan. 4, 1863, Gen. John
A. McClernand, who was authorized by Secretary
Stanton to raise troops for an expedition into
Mississippi, arrived at Millikens Bend and took
command of the army which he divided into
two corps, the 13th and the 15th, and placed
Sherman in command of the latter. On Jan. 11,
1863, the army assaulted and carried Fort Hind-
man (Arkansas Post) taking about 5000 pris-
oners. When the Union forces were re-orga-
nized under General Grant, Dec. 18, 1862, Sher-
man was assigned to the 15th army corps. He
was promoted brigadier-general U.S.A., July
4. 1863, and on July 11, lie advanced toward
Jackson, Miss., and shelled the town until July
17, when it was discovered that the Confederates
had evacuated. He commanded the expedition
from the Big Black River to Chattanooga, Tenn.;
was assigned to the command of the Army of
the Tennessee with headquarters in the field,
Oct. 25, 1863, and formed the riglit wing of
Grant's army at the battle of Chattanooga, Nov.
23-25, 1863, and in the attack on Missionary Ridge
and the pursuit of the Confederates to Ringgold,
Ga. He now marched with a portion of the Army
of the Tennessee, and one corps of the Army of
the Cumberland, toward Knoxville, Tenn., and
his approach compelled General Longstreet to
raise the siege of that place Dec. 1, 1863. In
January, 1864, he returned to Vicksburg and on
Feb. 3, 1864, with about 20,000 men he marclied
toward Meridian, Miss., to destroy the Mobile
and Ohio and the Jackson and Salina railroads.
Failing to receive reinforcements he abandoned
the expedition and marched toward central
Mississippi where his troops were transferred to
Vicksburg and Mempliis. On Marcli 12, 1864, he
succeeded General Grant as commander of the
military division of the Mississippi, embracing all
the troops in the territory west of the Alle-
ghanies, and north of the Arkansas, and organized
an army of 100.000 men at Nashville, for the
spring campai.^n of 1864. His command at Chat-
tanooga was composed of the Army of the Cum-
berland under General Thomas, the Army of the
Tennessee under General McPherson and the
Army of the Ohio under General Schofield, and
he advanced on the Confederate army under
General Joseph E. Johnston at Dalton. Johns-
ton retreated to Kenesaw Mountain and from
there was driven south to Atlanta. Siierman
made a direct attack on Atlanta, Juh- 17, 1864,
battles were fought at Peach Tree Ci'eek and at
Ezra church", and on Sept. 1, 1864, Gen. John B.
Hood, who had superseded General Johnston,
evacuated Atlanta and moved upon Nashville,
where he was defeated by the armj" of the Cum-
berland under General Thomas. Sherman re-
ceived the thanks of congress for his services in
the Chattanooga campaign, and was promoted
major-general U. S. A., Aug. 12,1864. He began
his famous march from Atlanta to Savannah,
Nov. 15, 1864, and the march to the sea ended in
the capture of Fort McAllister, and the siege
and capture of Savannah, Dec. 21, 1864. It was
resolved by congress Jan. 10, 1865. "That the
thanks of the people and of the congress of tlie
United States are tendered to Major-General
William T. Sherman, and to the officers and men
under him, for their gallantry and good conduct
in their late campaign from Chattanooga to
Atlanta and the march thence to Savannah
terminating in the capture of that cit}'.*' He
commanded the Federal forces composed of the
armies of the Ohio, under Gen. John M. Scho-
field ; the Army of the Tennessee, under Gen.
Oliver O. Howard and the Army of Georgia
under Henry W.Slocum, in the campaign through
the Carolinas, marching from Savannah, Ga., to
Bentonville, N. C, destroying all the railroads
to the interior of South Carolina and receiving
the surrender of General Johnson's army at
Durham Station, N.C., April 26, 1865. On April
28, 1865, he began his march to Washington, D.
C, this being the last of his great marches, which,
had covered in all 2,600 miles, and after passing
in review before President Johnson and General
Grant, May 24, 1865, the army was disbanded.
Sherman was promoted lieutenant-general, U.S.
A., July 25, 1866 ; was in command of the mili-
tary division of the Mississippi, with head-
quarters at St. Louis, 1865-66, and of the military
division of the Missouri, 1866-69. He was a
member of the board to make recommendations
for brevets to general officers, March 14-24, 1866,
and was detailed on a special mission to Mexico,
November-December, 1866. When Grant became
President of the United States, Sherman suc-
ceeded him as general of the U. S. army, with
headquarters at Washington, July 25, 1866. He
made a tour of Egypt and the East, 1871-7S, and
