REYNOLDS
REYNOLDS
drcArO (^tXtv*i-irM^
the seizure of the treasure and arms in the
custom-house and arsenal at St. Louis. Mo. He
edited the Daily Eagle, Belleville. 111., for several
years, and is the autiior of : The Pioneer History
of Illinois (1848); John Kelly; A Glance at the
Crystal Palace and Sketches of Travel (1854), and
My Own Times (1855). He died in Belleville, 111.,
May 8. 18G5.
REYNOLDS, John Fulton, soldier, was born in Lancaster. Pa.. Sei)t. 20. 1820 ; son of John and Lydia (Moore) Reynolds; grandson of William and Catharine Ferree (LeFevre) Reynolds and of Samuel and (Fulton) Moore. William Rey- nolds, a Scotch-Irish Protestant, came to America in 1762 : set- tled in Pennsylvania, and served in the Revolutionary war. John Fulton Reynolds was graduated at the U.S. Military acad- emy and brevetted 2d lieutenant in the 3d artillery, July 1.1841; was commissioned 2d lieutenant, Oct. 23, 1841, and served in garrison duty, 1841- 45 ; in the military occupation of Texas, 1845-46, and in the war with Mexico, 1846-47. He engaged in the de- fense of Fort Brown, Tex.; was brevetted cap- tain. Sept. 23. 1846, for gallantry at Monterey, and major, Feb. 23. 1847, for Buena Vista. lie was promoted 1st lieutenant, June 18, 1846 ; served in garrison duty, 1848-52 ; as quartermas- ter of the regiment, 1850-52, and as aide-de-camp to Major-General Twiggs, 1852-53. He served in garrison in New York and on the Pacific coast, 1854-56 ; was promoted captain, March 3, 1855, and took part in the Rogue River expedition in 1856. He ser%-ed in garrison and on frontier duty, 1856-58, in the Utah expedition and in the march to the Columbia river, 1858-59, and was stationed at Fort Vancouver, 1859-60. He was command- ant of cadets, and instructor in artillery, infantry and cavalry tactics, at West Point, N.Y., 1860-61 ; was promoted lieutenant-colonel and transferred to the Utii infantry, May 14, 1861 ; was .stationed at Fort Trumbull, Conn.. July to September, 1861, and was appointed brigadier-general of U.S. volunteers, Aug. 20, 1861. He commanded the 1st brigade of the Pennsylvania reserve corps, on the right of the lines before Washington, D.C., 1861-62, and in the seven days' battles before Richmond, June 2.5-July 1st, commanded the 1st brigade, 3d division. Fitz-John Porter's 5th corps. In the second dav's battle at Beaver Dam Creek
he had charge of the defenses and forces at and
above Mechanicsville, and so valiantly did his
brigade repulse D. H. Hill's attack, that the road
and hillside were strewn with dead and wounded
Confederates, and the main body of Hill's army
witiidrew. The following day, Porter's corps
was ordered back to Gaines's Mill, and Reynolds
was assigned to an unimportant post : but as soon
as he found that the rest of the fiftli corps was
under fire, he hastened to their aid, and arrived
just in Ifime to give General Grifiiii mucli needed
support. After severe fighting. Porter was dis-
lodged and Reynolds was captured, June 28, 1862.
The civil authorities at Fredericksburg. Va.,
where Rej-nolds was very pf)pular. interceded at
Richmond for his excliange. and Aug. 8. 1802, he
was exchanged for General Barksdale. He joined
the army in nortliern Virginia and was given
command of the third division of Porter's corps,
the division containing his old brigade. On Aug.
22, 1862, he was temporarily assigned to Mc-
Dowell's corps, and on Aug. 28, engaged General
Taliaferro near Gainesville, tried to assist King at
Groveton and hastened to Manassas. He became
engaged late in the afternoon of Aug. 29, and
fought valiantly on the left of the line. At the
request of Governor Curtin. he was assigned
to the command of the Pennsylvania volunteer
militia in September, 1862, during the first in-
vasion of the state, thus missing the battle of
Antietam. He returned to the Army of the
Potomac, was promoted major-general of vol-
unteers, Nov. 29, 1862, and succeeded General
Hooker in the command of the first corps. He
took part in the Rappahannock campaign, and at
Fredericksburg on Dec. 13. 1862. made the prin-
cipal attack, ordering Meade's division, supported
by Gibbons, to the crest of the heights, a position
he was unable to hold because poorly supported.
After this battle, the command of the army was
offered to Reynolds, but he declined the offer,
belitning tiiat any commander would be ham-
pered bj' orders from Wasliington. Hooker ac-
cepted the command and moved to Chancel-
lorsville, leaving Sedg%vick and Reynolds at
Fredericksburg. On May 2, 1863, Reynolds was
oi'dered to join Hooker at Chancellorsville, but
his corps was not engaged in the figiit, and on
Maj' 5, 1863, he urged Hooker to advance instead
of retreating. After Meade had succeeded to the
command of the army, he consulted with Rey-
nolds in regard to massing the scattered corps at
Pipe Creek and l)ringing on a general engage-
ment. On June 27, Reynolds had three corps at
Middletown pass and South Mountain pass, and
started to move his troops in accordance with
Meade's plans. On July 1, while at the head of
the first and eleventh corps, he heard that Bu-
ford's cavalry was heavily engaged at Gettysburg,
