WINSTON
WINTER
college, N.C., 1890. He was president of the
state teachers' assembly in 1879 and 1888 :
lectured on educational subjects before the
National Educational association ; the Southern
Educational association ; the National Prison
association ; the American Academy of Political
and Social Science ; tlie Ethical society of Pliila-
delphia ; the UniYersity of Texas ; the U.S. Mili-
tary academy, and other organizations. He is
the author of : The Greek, the Roman and the
Teuton (1884) ; and Mephistopheles and lago
(1887).
WINSTON, John Anthony, governor of Ala- bama, was born in Madison county, Ala., Sept. 4, 1812 ; son of William and Mary (Cooper) Win- ston ; grandson of Capt. Anthony, a Revolutionary officer, and Zekie (Jones) Winston and of Ed- mund and Martha (Jackson) Cooper of Bruns- wick county, Va., and great-grandson of Anthony and Alice (Taylor) Winston, the former a son of Isaac (immigrant) and Mary (Dabney) Winston, of Hanover county, Va., and the latter a daugh- ter of James Taylor, of Caroline county, Va. He attended La Grange college, Ala., and the Uni- versity of Nashville, Tenn. In 1834 he located as a cotton planter in Sumter county, Ala. He was a representative in the state legislature, 1840 and 1842, and was elected state senator, 1843, 1847 and 1851, three successive terms, serv- ing as president, 1847. He organized two com- panies of volunteers for the Mexican war in 1846, and was appointed one of the field offi- cers of the 1st Alabama volunteer regiment, but did not see active service. He was governor of Alabama, 1853-o7. being the first native born Alabamian to hold that office ; and he vetoed bills granting state aid to railroads, and provid- ing for the re-issue of state bank notes as a loan to railroad companies, as' well as many other bills, from which he was styled " the veto gover- nor." He was delegate to the Charleston Demo- cratic National Convention, 1860, and a candi- date for presidential elector on the Douglas ticket in the same year. He was commissioner from Alabama to Louisiana in 1861 to urge the prompt secession of the latter state. In 1861 he joined the Confederate state army and was ap- pointed colonel of the 8th regiment, the first Alabama command that enlisted for the war." He conimanded a brigade in the Peninsular cam- paign, but on account of ill health resigned his commission as colonel and returned home. He was a delegate to the state constitutional con- vention of 1865, and in 1866 was elected U.S. senator from Alabama, but was denied his seat. He was a fearless officer and a high-minded politi- cal leader. His wife was Mary Agnes, daughter of Joel Walker Jones, of Limestone county, Ala. He died in Mobile, Ala., Dec. 21, 1871.
WINTER, William, author, essayist and
dramatic critic, was born in Gloucester, Mass.,
July 15, 1836 ; son of Charles and Louisa (Wliarff)
Winter ; grandson of William and Elizabeth
(Oakes) Winter, and of Abram Wharff, and a
descendant of a family of Welsh origin, Gwyn-
Tour (White Tower) (hence Wintour and then
Winter), who came from Gloucestershire, Eng-
land. He attended the common schools of Bos-
ton and Cambridge, Mass.. and was graduated
from Harvard, LL.B., 1857, meanwhile contri-
buting both prose and verse to magazines and
newspapers, and publishing his first volume en-
titled. Poems, in 1854. He also engaged in lec-
turing on literary subjects, in and around Boston,
and took part in the national canvass of John C.
Fremont in 1856. He was admitted to the Sufliolk
county bar in 1857, but preferring a literary car-
eer, removed to New York city in 1859, where he
became a book reviewer for the Saturday Press,
and in 1861 assistant editor of the New York
Albion. He was married, at Ederline, near Lock
Awe, Scotland, Dec. 8, 1860. to Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of John and Janet (Tulloch) Campbell, na-
tives of Inverary and Wick, respectively. He
was literarj' critic of the New York Weekly Re-
vieiv, 1865 ; also managing editor and dramatic
and literary critic of the same, 1865-70, and in
August, 1865, became dramatic critic of the New
York Tribune, a position he still held in 1903.
He visited England, for the first time in 1877,
subsequently publishing a series of works descrip-
tive of English scenes and memorials, and in 1886
founded, in memory of his son, the Arthur
Winter Memorial library, in connection with the
Staten Island academy, of which oiganization Mr.
Winter became president in 1891. He received
the honorary degree of Litt.D. from Brown in
1895, and was made an honorary member of the
Society of the Army of the Potomac, the Actors'
Fund society, the Lotos club, New York, and the
Bohemian club. San Francisco. He edited the
poems of John Brougham (1881) ; of Fitz James
O'Brien (1881), and of George Arnold (1866);
also " The Prompt Book," a collection of sixteen
plays as acted by Edwin Booth, with prefaces and
notes (1877), and prepared prefaces for eleven
plays printed for Augustin Daly, seven of them
Shakespeare comedies (1886-95). His poetical
writings include: Tlie Queen's Domain, and
Other Poems (1858) ; Jly Witness (1871); Tliistle-
down (London, 1877; subsequently withdrawn);
Poems (complete ed., 1881) ; English Rambles,
prose and verse (1884) ; Wanderers (Edinbuigh,
1888), and among liis descriptive publications
are: TJie Trip to England (1879 ; 2d ed.. 1881) ;
Shakespeare's England (1886) : Gray Days and
Gold in England and Smfland 0891 : 2d ed.,
1896); Old Shrines and Ivy (1892), and Broicn
