Fas. 16, 1872. art may be gained by copying the work of others, by processes described in this book, When a copy has been made on the copying paper, take a piece of stout wrapping-paper, and laying it on a smooth board, place the copy over it, and fasten all down to the board with a few tacks or pins; then with a pin prick the outlines with small holes through the copy and wrapping-paper. Having done this, lift all from the board, and by placing the wrapping-paper copy on the panel, and dusting on fine whiting with a pounce-bag, you will transfer the copy to the panel. Next proceed to fill in the outlines with gold size; lay on the gold, and then clean off nicely for shading. This is done with asphaltum, but a very fine effect can be made by glazing some parts with carmine or blue. Copy the shading of the original as near as possible; put in the lights or white fine lines, and with a little practice and the use of pattern, you will soon gain a knowledge of scrolling sufficient to enableyou to perform ordinary work. Scrolling in colours can be learned in the same way, but itis a more difficult art, as it requires good taste in the application of colours—harmony of colours being the greatest desideratum in good scrolling. Staining Wood. Take nitric acid and dilute with ten parts water, wash the wood with it, and a mahogany colour will be obtained. To produce arosewood finish, glaze the same with earmine or Munich lake. Asphaltum, thinned with turpentine, is another excellent mahogany colour, on new wood. Gilding. This beautiful art requires our special attention, for it appears to many to be a very troublesome operation to execute well. But it is easily done, as my remarks wiil show, and alittle experience prove. It is best when gilding on carriage or waggon work, where the gold will be protected with varnish, to procure ‘gold size” ready prepared—English gold size being the best. If not to be had, you can make a substitute by using English varnish and Japan in equal parts. If the gilding is for striping, you should mix a little chrome yellow with it, to be able to see the lines better; but in lettering no colouring is required. Having your job rubbed down smoothly, take a piece of muslin and tie up in it a little whiting to form a “pounce bag; ” with this you pounce or dust over every part of the work where the gold leaf is to be put, to prevent the leaf from sticking to the surface not covered by the size. Another method is to wash the job over with starch water; while still another plan is— where dust or starch is not applicable on account of newly-varnished work near by—to cut a potato in half, and with the raw surface rub the place desired, leaving the juice of the potato on; this soon dries and forms a thin film, to which the gold will not adhere. Any one of the above methods will be found to answer the purpose, and the coating will wash off clean when the gilding is dry. The surface prepared, take the size and put on the stripes, orna- ments, or what not, and allow it to dry just enough to enable you to pass your finger over it without it sticking; but if when the finger is placed directly upon it, it is “tacky,” it is ready to receive the gold. For signs, or work which is not to be covered with varnish, we should use oil size, which is made with old boiled oil. .The best is that taken from a paint cup in which the paint has settled and left the oil on top. Pour this off carefully and grind into it a'little chrome yellow. Bronzing. Gold bronze is used on carriage parts for striping ; and many fine fancy jobs can be done with this powder, The size used for bronze is the same as that described for gold leaf. To put on the bronze, take a plece of plush or velvet, and make a small “pounce” bag, by tying up a ball of cotton. This will take up the bronze, which is’ gently rubbed over the size. The best qtiality of bronze is but little inferior to gold leaf, and for striping is better, as it does not consume so much time, and at the same time it is cheaper than gold leaf. To make fancy work with bronze, cut out any desired pattern in paper, and laying it over a nearly dry varnished surface, rub the bronze on through the holes of the pattern. The fronts of the spokes and the ribs of express waggons may be nicely ornamented in this manner. Copper and silver bronze can also be used in this Way, and when the three are mixed up in ornaments they look well.
THE BUILDING NEWS. To Prevent Vermilion from Fading. English vermilion should be mixed with rubbing varnish and oil, instead of japan, as the latter has a tendency to injure the colour. Light English vermilion is used for striping and ornamenting or lettering ; the deep vermilion having ‘less body, will not cover good. Vermilion is well known to fade or turn a blackish brown; this can be obviated, and the colour preserved for a long time, by adding to the dry colour before mixing one-eighth part of flowers of sulphur, which can be obtained at any drug-store. The old masters used this secret in their paintings, and their colours are known to stand the wear of years. American vermilion should never be ground, as the process would change it to an orange colour ; while green, Indian red, chrome yellow, and all heavy body colours are better, if ground as fine as possible. Raw oil is preferable to boiled; it being more volatile, penetrates the pores of wood better, and forms a harder and more durable surface for the succeeding coats. ed LOUTH HOSPITAL AND DISPENSARY COMPETITION. HE committee, after carefully considering the merits of the several designs sent in, have selected the one submitted by Mr. John Johnson, of 35, Moorgate-street, London, and have given instruc- tions for the working drawings to be prepared. The arrangement of the wards is on the pavilion system. The accommodation provided on ground floor con- sists of general sick ward and an accident ward, with operating-room; ample bath-room, lavatory, ward scullery, and water-closet conveniences have been provided adjoining the wards. The matron’s room is near the entrance, and has a window for overlooking the sick ward. The out-patients’ depart- ment is kept distinct, and has a large waiting-room, medical officers’ examination-room, and dispensary, with separate entrances. The dead-house and post- mortem room face north, and are lighted by a large skylight. The dining-room for the convalescents has a southern aspect. The administrative portion is well separated from the hospital, and comprises kitchen and seullery, with pantry, larder, dry-goods, clothes, and other stores; the laundry, washhouse, and drying closet being at the extreme end of the building. Servants’ water-closet, coal, wood, and beer stores, are conveniently placed. On the first floor, the women’s sick ward is similar to the ward below, and the children’s and separation ward is ad- joining. A nurses’ room, servants’ bed-room, and clean linen store closet are provided; also a private water-closet for the matron and nurses. The ex- terior will be of light yellow bricks, with red brick bands and arches, the dressings generally being of Ancaster stone. The works are to be commenced as early as possible. —— oe COMPETITIONS. PortsmoutH ScHoot Boarp.—Forty sets of de- signs were sent in for this competition, and after six were selected by the committee, Messrs. Slater and Carpenter, the arbitrators, awarded the prize to Mr. Hellyer, of Ryde. Cuortry New Town-HAtt. — The Preston Guardian says :—‘t The competing plans for the pro- posed new Town-hall have been arranged for view in Mr. Gillett’s shed, Whittle-street. There are up- wards of sixty sets, some of them being in the most elaborate style of architecture. It is expected that the Commissioners will make a selection of the best and most suitable to the requirements of the town, and then allow the public admission.” SunDERLAND WorkMeEn’s Dwetitnes. — The first premium of £20 has been awarded by the Cor- poration of Sunderland to Mr. Thomas Oliver, of Neweastle-on-Tyne, and the second, we understand, to Mr. Tillman, of Sunderland. These drawings were selected from among upwards of one hundred and twenty drawings submitted. Both designs are to be carried out by the Corporation. Tue Scnoor Boarp ror Lonpon.—The follow- ing architects have been invited to send in designs for a Public Elementary School to be erected in Johnson-street, Stepney, to accommodate 1,000 children, viz:—Messrs. E. Barry, Saxon Snell, Roger Smith, A. and C. Harston, Jarvis and Son, and A. Newman. The building is to be designed upon the principle of Class Division, sometimes called the Prussian system.
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Huilding Intelligence,
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CHURCHES AND CHAPELS,
FarnuAm.—aA new Congregational Church is about
to be erected in Farnham, at a cost of about £2,000.
The building will be in the Gothic style, and will
haye aspire. Mr. T. Wonnacott, of Farnham, will
be the architect.
Heckmonpwike.—On Thursday week a new
Congregational chapel, which has been erected at
Doghouse, Heckmondwike, Yorks, was opened. The
structure is in the Gothic style. In the basement
is a school-room capable of accommodating 150
scholars, The body of the chapel will seat about
300 people. The cost of the chapel and school is
nearly £1,700. It has been built from’ plans by
Mr. Hiscox, of Harrogate.
Irswicu.—S. Mary-Stoke Church, Ipswich, has
just been reopened, after extensive alterations. The
church has been enlarged by removing the south
wall of the old nave, and substituting for it an arcade
of five arches, borne upon elegant clustered columns
in the Early Perpendicular style. On the south side
of the old church has been built an entirely new
nave and chancel, and the old nave and chancel,
with the north transept, are left as a sort of aisle to
the church. The church now seats 518 persons,
instead of about 200, as formerly. The cost of the
new work has been £1,750.
JaRrRow-on-TyNE.—The new United Presbyterian
Church, recently finished at Jarrow, was formally
opened on Wednesday, the 7th inst., by the Rev.
R. S. Drummond, M.A., D.D., of Glasgow. The
building has cost about £3,200, and is in the Gothic
style of architecture. Sitting accommodation is
provided for about 900 persons. Mr. Josh. J. Lish,
S. Nicholas Buildings, Neweastle, was the architect,
from whose designs the works have been carried out
by Mr. R. Wylam, contractor, Jarrow.
Kensau New Town.—The first stone of the R.C.
Church of the Holy Souls, Kensal New Town, was
laid on the Feast of the Purification, Mr. S. J.
Nicholl, of Grove Road, 8. John’s Wood, is the
architect. Church and schools are to be completed
in July, and the schools will accommodate 300
children. The buildings now in progress will have
two lofty stories for the school, and a basement
forming a covered playground, which will include
an area of 1,700ft. The building will be substan-
tially erected, the external walls being of red brick,
with a sparing use of stone; the roof, of good pitch,
will be covered with plain tiles, Sufficient ornament
is introduced into the design to give effect to the
building, and to harmonise it in character with the
intended church,
Lrrps.—On Friday last the Bishop of Ripon con-
secrated the new church of the Holy Trinity, Armley
Hall, Leeds. The church accommodates 660 persons,
at a cost of about £3,900. The style is of the
Decorated period. The plan comprises a clerestoried
nave, with north and south aisles, chancel, with
organ chamber on the north side, and vestry on the
south. The entrances are by a porch at the western-
most bay of the north aisle and by a doorway in
the south aisle. The nave is divided into five bays
by chamfered arches in two orders resting on moulded
shafts, with moulded caps and bases. The windows
throughout are filled in with elaborated tracery.
The church is built entirely of sandstone from the
Horsforth quarries. Externally the walls are of
boasted work; internally they are plastered. The
organ chamber and vestry are separated from the
aisles and chancel by wooden screens, the upper
panels being filled in with tracery. The roofs are
open-timbered, with wrought and chamfered
principals, purlins, and plates, and moulded collar-
beams.
Ruason.—A handsome font has just been pre-
sented to Overton Church by the tenants and
friends of Edmond Peel, Esq., of Brynypys, to com-
memorate the birth of a son and heir to the Brynypy
estates. It is the work of Messrs. Cox and Sons, of
London, and isin Caen stone, with marble pillars, and
richly carved capitals supporting the bowl, and is
octagonal in form, The eight panels are divided by
marble pillars, and contain alternately the subjects
of “ The Baptism of our Lord,” “ Christ Blessing Little
Children,” -‘ The Crossing cf the Red Sea,” and “* The
Dove repairing to the Ark,” the others being filled
with foliage. All carved in bold relief, the cornice
above the panels being also richly carved.
SranpGrounp.—The parish church, dedicated to
S. John the Baptist, has recently undergone impor-
tant improvements. The old flat roof 6f the chancel
has been found not only to be worm-eaten and defect-
