Page:The Complete Peerage Ed 1 Vol 6.djvu/214

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By the death of his other, John Marshal, in March 1193/4, he inherited the manor of Hempsted Marshal, Berks, and the office of Marshal of the King's Court thereunto attached; Sheriff of co. Gloucester 1190–95 and 1199–1207; of Sussex 1195–1205; Constable of Chichester Castle, 1195–1208; Joint Guardian of the realm, April to May 1199, supporting the cause of John, as successor to the throne. By that King, on the day of the coronation, 27 May 1199, he was girded with the sword of the EARLDOM OF STRIGUL(a)^[1] and confirmed subsequently, 20 April 1200, as Marskal,(b)^[2] and, 28 March 1208, as Steward of Leinster, at which last date he crossed over to Ireland to secure his wife's vast possessions in that territory. He was one of the principal counsellors to the King; was a witness to the royal charter of subordination to the Pope, 15 May 1213, and was joint envoy to treat with the Barons respecting Magna Charta in 1215; was Regent of the Realm and Guardian of the young King, Henry III, 1216–19, having been present, as Marshal, at the coronation 28 Oct. 1216. He concluded a truce with France, republished the Magna Charta and quelled the insurgent Barons. He d. at Caversham, Berks, 14 and was bur. 16 May 1219 in the New Temple Church, London, aged about 70.(c)^[3] Will dat. 1219.

IV. 1219. 4 or 2. William (Marshal), Earl of Pembroke, or Strigul, Marshal of England.(d)^[4] Steward of Leinster, 1st s. and h.; b. about 1190; was a hostage to the King in 1205, when his Father was in suspicion at Court for having done homage to the King of France; was v.p. one of the 25 Barons to enforce the observance of Magna Charta, Juno 1215, being then styled "Comes Mareshal, Junior";(d)^[4] was in rebellion till 1217 when he joined the royal party; suc. his father in 1219, but surrendered his lands in Normandy to his next br. Richard in 1220(e)^[5]; defeated the army of Llewelyn, Prince of North Wales, in 1223, near Carmarthen, and was made Gov. of the castles of Cardigan and Carmarthen;

Justiciar of Ireland, 1224-26; Commander of the Royal forces beyond sea, 1230. He m.

↑ (a) He had, however, on 16 Oct. 1197 (8 Ric. I.) as Willelmus Marescallus, Comes de Estrigol, witnessed the charter, for the exchange of Andely, made by Richard I. with Walter, Archbishop of Rouen. [G. W. Watson.]
↑ (b) Magister Marescalciæ," not probably the office of the Marshal of the Household (which since his brother's death he had inherited), but the office of Marshal of England. See vol. v, p. 260, sub "Marshal" for some remarks on that office. It is stated in G. T. Clark's " Earls of Pembroke" that "The office of Mareschal had been disputed. In [1192-93] 4 Ric. I., William de Venuz fined £100, which in [1196-97] 8 Ric. I. he had in part paid, that he might have the office of Mareschul. William de Hastings was also a claimant against Gilbert and John [Marshal]. No doubt it was to extinguish these claims that the King (1 John) by charter conferred on William, Earl of Pembroke, and his heirs the [office of] Magister Marescalciæ. Venuz, probably, was pacified, as his descendants in Hampshire were long afterwards Mareschals in the Household."
↑ (c) His fidelity to the royal house was shown by 50 years' service to Henry II., his three sons and his grandson. He is called “Miles strenuissimus, ac per orbem nominatissimus," as also the "Sun of England," whose rays dispel the clouds of rebellion This last allusion is from these lines, quoted by Matthew Paris:
"Sum, quem Saturnum sibi sensit Hibernia, Solem
Anglia, Mercurium Normannia, Gallia Martem."
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 (d) It is to be observed that Courthope designates (tho' Nicolas does not) each of the six Earls of Pembroke of the family of Marshal as Marshal of England," but does not attribute that style to the two preceding Earls of the family of Clare. See, however, vol. v, p. 260, sub "Marshal."
↑ (e) By charter, dated at Melun June 1220, ‘Guillelmus Marescallus, comes de Pembroc made known 'quod ego voluntate mea propria donavi et quitavi Ricardo fratri meo minori natu tutam terram quam Guillelmus Marescallus, pater mene, habebat et possidebat in Normanuia eu dio qua decessit, et requisivi dominum Philippum illustrem Francorum regem ut ipsum Ricardum fratrem meum reciperet in hominem suum ligium de tota terra illa. (Registre de Philippe Auguste,—MS. 8408, 2, 2 B, in the Bibl. Nat.—f. ii^cxix, v^o.)" [G. W. Watson.]

[1] (a) He had, however, on 16 Oct. 1197 (8 Ric. I.) as Willelmus Marescallus, Comes de Estrigol, witnessed the charter, for the exchange of Andely, made by Richard I. with Walter, Archbishop of Rouen. [G. W. Watson.]

[2] (b) Magister Marescalciæ," not probably the office of the Marshal of the Household (which since his brother's death he had inherited), but the office of Marshal of England. See vol. v, p. 260, sub "Marshal" for some remarks on that office. It is stated in G. T. Clark's " Earls of Pembroke" that "The office of Mareschal had been disputed. In [1192-93] 4 Ric. I., William de Venuz fined £100, which in [1196-97] 8 Ric. I. he had in part paid, that he might have the office of Mareschul. William de Hastings was also a claimant against Gilbert and John [Marshal]. No doubt it was to extinguish these claims that the King (1 John) by charter conferred on William, Earl of Pembroke, and his heirs the [office of] Magister Marescalciæ. Venuz, probably, was pacified, as his descendants in Hampshire were long afterwards Mareschals in the Household."

[3] (c) His fidelity to the royal house was shown by 50 years' service to Henry II., his three sons and his grandson. He is called “Miles strenuissimus, ac per orbem nominatissimus," as also the "Sun of England," whose rays dispel the clouds of rebellion This last allusion is from these lines, quoted by Matthew Paris:
"Sum, quem Saturnum sibi sensit Hibernia, Solem
Anglia, Mercurium Normannia, Gallia Martem."

[p214_r4-4] 4.0 ^4.1 (d) It is to be observed that Courthope designates (tho' Nicolas does not) each of the six Earls of Pembroke of the family of Marshal as Marshal of England," but does not attribute that style to the two preceding Earls of the family of Clare. See, however, vol. v, p. 260, sub "Marshal."

[5] (e) By charter, dated at Melun June 1220, ‘Guillelmus Marescallus, comes de Pembroc made known 'quod ego voluntate mea propria donavi et quitavi Ricardo fratri meo minori natu tutam terram quam Guillelmus Marescallus, pater mene, habebat et possidebat in Normanuia eu dio qua decessit, et requisivi dominum Philippum illustrem Francorum regem ut ipsum Ricardum fratrem meum reciperet in hominem suum ligium de tota terra illa. (Registre de Philippe Auguste,—MS. 8408, 2, 2 B, in the Bibl. Nat.—f. ii^cxix, v^o.)" [G. W. Watson.]

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