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CHESTERFIELD i8i OF CHESTERFIELD, for life.(^) She m., 3rdly, Daniel O'Neale, M.P. for St. Ives, Col. of the Horse Guards, and one of the Grooms of the Bedchamber. He d. 24 Oct. 1664, and was bur. at Boughton Malherbe. Will dat. 4 Oct., pr. 6 Nov. 1 664. She d. 9 Apr. 1 667, of dropsy, at Belsize, and was bur. at Boughton Malherbe, when her life Peerage became extinct. Will dat. 15 Dec. 1666, pr. 12 Apr. 1667. II. 1656. 2. Philip (Stanhope), Earl of Chesterfield, i^c, grandson and h. of the ist Earl, being 2nd, but only surv. s. and h. of Henry Stanhope, styled 'Loku Stanhope, by Katherine,j«oy«rd? Countess of Chesterfield abovenamed, was 28 years old in 1662; Lord Chamberlain to the Queen Consort, 1662-65; Col. of a regt. of Foot, 1667; and Col. of the 3rd Foot, 1682-84. Was cr. D.C.L. Oxford, 15 July 1669; Chief Justice in Eyre, South of Trent, Dec. 1679 to Dec. 1685. P.C.26Jan. 1680/1 till Feb. 1688/9; He took up arms on behalf of the Prince of Orange, 1688, but refused to take the oaths to him as King. F.R.S. 30 Nov. 1708. C") He m., istly, 21 June 1652, Anne, ist da. of (^) This patent is recited in a royal sign manual I June 1 660, whereby the daughters of the said Countess are given the same precedence as if their father had survived his father, Katharine's creation, as therein stated, giving her " in part the pre-eminence and precedency she lost by the death of her said husband," i.e. the rank of an Earldom of 1660 in lieu of one of 1628. See book marked I. 25 (p. 76) at the College of Arms. No similar case is know^n to have occurred previously, though later the cases of Sarah, Countess of Radnor (1686), and Catherine, Viscountess Grandison of Limerick (1700), widow of the h. ap. of the 4th Viscount Grandison, are somewhat similar. See also Baroness Bolsover, cr. 1 880. 1^) For a list of "The Nobility in Arms with the Prince of Orange in 1688," see vol. ii, Appendix H. When the Princess Anne (who had been escorted by Compton, Bishop of London, the Earls of Northampton, and Chesterfield, Lord CuUen and other noblemen with a troop of horse from Leicester to Oxford) announced th.it her purpose was to have an association to kill all the Papists in England lest the Prince of Orange should be killed by them, the Earl of Chesterfield, Lord Ferrers, and Lord Cullen were the first who had the courage to refuse signing the paper drawn up by Bishop Compton to form this infamous conspiracy (which, if carried out, would have aimed at the life of the Princess's unfortunate father), and their example being followed by above 1 00 gentlemen, to the great vexation of the Princess, the plot had to be abandoned. See Memoirs of Philip, Earl of Chesterfield, pp. 48-50. Bishop Burnet's character of him, when above 60 (say in 1695), with Dean Swift's commentary thereon in italics is as follows: "He is very subtle and cunning, never entered into the measures of King William, nor ever will, in any probability, make any great appearance in any other reign. If it he old Chester- field, I have heard that he was the greatest knave in England. G.E.C. " He had a very agreeable face, a fine head of hair, an indifferent shape, and a worse air; he was not, however, deficient in wit; a long residence in Italy had made him ceremonious in his commerce with men, and jealous in his connection with women ; he had been much hated by the King, because he had been much beloved by Lady Castlemaine." [Memoirs of Count Gramont, cap. viii). After the rise of the modern party divisions he generally voted with the Tories. V.G.