5
LESSON 1.
Words.
In Esperanto a word generally consists of an unchanging part or root, which expresses the idea, and an ending which shows the use of the word, that is, whether it is a name, a describing word, etc. By changing the ending the use of the word is changed.
Notice carefully the words given below which end in o. It will be seen that they are all names.
In Esperanto every name ends in o.
(In Grammar names are called NOUNS)
Notice further the words which end in -as. They all express doing or being (action or state), which is going on at the present time, or which is a custom at the present time.
The words "a," "an," are not expressed; "the" is translated by la.
Vocabulary.
patro, father.
frato, brother.
filo, son.
Teodoro, Theodore.
tajloro, tailor.
leono, lion.
besto, animal.
kolombo, pigeon.
birdo, bird.
rozo, rose.
floro, flower.
pomo, apple.
suno, sun.
tero, earth, ground.
ŝtono, stone.
ĉambro, room.
fenestro, window.
libro, book.
krajono, pencil.
plumo, pen.
ĉapelo, hat.
domo, house.
arbo, tree.
estas, is, are, am.
aparlenas, belongs.
brilas, shines.
kuŝas, lies.
staras, stands.
