d'. Tarsus considerably longer than one inch.
ff". Back always ashy grey M. citreola, p. 298. h" . Back either black or with some black or dusky feathers M. citreoloides, p. 299.
826. Motacilla alba. The White Wigtail.
Motacilla alba, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 331 (1766) ; Hume, Cat. no. 591 ter ; Scully, S. F. vi'ii, p. 314 ; Oates, B. B. i, p. 156 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. M. x, p. 404. Motacilla dukhunensis, Sykcs, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 91 ; filyth, Cat. p. 137 ; Horsf. $ M. Cat. i, p. 349 ; Brooks, S. F. ii, p. 457, vii, p. 137 ; Hume, Cat. no. 59 Ibis ; Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 236. Dhobin, Hind.
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Figs. 77, 78, 79. Wing, foot, and head of M. alba.
Coloration. In normal full summer plumage, the forehead, anterior portion of crown, sides of the head and of the neck are pure white ; remainder of crown, nape, and hind neck, chin, throat, fore neck, and breast deep black ; upper plumage, scapulars, and lesser wing-coverts grey ; upper tail-coverts more or less black, margined exteriorly with white ; wing-coverts and tertiaries blackish, broadly margined with white ; primaries and secondaries black, narrowly margined wit h whitish ; the four middle pairs of tail-feathers black, the others nearly entirely white ; lower plumage from the breast downwards pure white.
In normal winter plumage the chin, throat, and fore neck become white, and the black on the breast is reduced to a narrow crescentic patch, sometimes extending narrowly up the sides of the fore neck.
The nestling is uniform greenish ashy above, and the lower
