shape. The superficially similar galls of Cynips disticha are always to be distinguished from both divisa and agama by the two cavities of disticha, one of which is the larval cell and the other a secondary cavity in the gall.
As usual, the Central European variety, divisa, is best known. Its alternate generation is recognized. We have some material of a distinct variety, atridivisa, from more northern Europe, and there are a dozen records testifying to the occurrence of a gall similar to divisa in Mediterranean Europe, Asia Minor, and northern Africa. These southern records are as follows:
Undescribed varieties of Cynips divisa
Dryophanta divisa Rolfe, 1881, The Ent. 14: 56, 57 (Q. lusitanica, Q. glandulifera in Kew gardens). Kieffer, 1901, André Hymén. Europe 7(1): 638 (Q. lusitanica, Q. Mirbecki, Spain, Portugal, and Algeria records only). Darboux and Houard, 1901, Zoocécid. Europe: 305, 311, 354. Trotter, 1901, Bol. Soc. Brot. 18:7. Darboux and Houard, 1902, Zoocec. Hilfsbuch: 40, 43. Tavares, 1902, Rev. Sci. Nat. S. Fiel 1:115 (Portugal). Trotter, 1902, Marcellia 1:124 (Spain, Q. pedunculata). Darboux and Houard, 1907, Galles de Cynipides: 241 (Records for Spain, Portugal, and Italy). Houard, 1908, Zoocécid. Europe 1:279, 312, 318 (Records for Q. Toza, Q. lusitanica, Q. macranthera, incl. Asia Minor).
Dryophanta agama err. det. Tavares, 1902, Ann. Sei. Nat. Porto 7: 49 (corrected in Tavares, 1902, Rev. Sci. Nat. S. Fiel 1:115).
Dryophanta verrucosa Darboux and Houard, 1907, Galles de Cynipides: 249 (Italian record only).
Diplolepis divisa Dalla Torre and Kieffer, 1910, Das Tierreich 24:349, 764, 779, 781 (Medit. data only, incl. Sicily). Houard, 1913, Marcellia 12:36 (Morocco). Houard, 1914, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris (5) 6:146 (Corsica). Houard, 1914, Marcellia 13: 123. Houard, 1922, Zoocécid. Afrique, 1:122, 131, 133, fig. 210, 211 (incl. Tunis). Tavares, 1928, Broteria 25:27, fig. 37, pl. 3 fig. 7, 20, 20a, 22 (Portugal and Spain on Q. pedunculata and Q. lusitanica).
Very few insects seem to have been bred from the galls of all these Mediterranean collections, and since many other Cynipidae have developed distinct varieties south of the Alps and Pyrennes, I suggest that the references to divisa in the Mediterranean area need re-determination from large series of insects compared with Central European material. The records suggest the existence of host as well as geographic varieties in southern Europe.
