the eyes, darker to blackish on the median ridge and on the mouthparts; thorax rich rufous, blackish in many places especially between the parapsidal grooves and about the lateral lines; foveal groove sometimes smoother than the rest of the scutellum, hardly rugose, without a division into foveae; abdomen dark rufous, in part blackish, occasionally wholly black; the clouded patches in the discoidal cell less distinct than in variety echinus; length 1.5 to 3.5 mm., averaging nearer 3.0 mm. Figure 175.
GALL.—Squash-shaped, an irregular, truncated cone attached by its smaller end, flaring distally, with 5 to 11 short, spiny projections from the rim of the distal end of the gall; mature galls pale pink, often with a puberulence which makes them more violet in color. On leaves of (usually) Quercus lobata, rartly on Q. Douglasii. Figures 154-159.
RANGE.—California: 5 miles north of Upper Lake (galls, Hildebrand and Schulthess in Kinsey coll.). Konocti Bay in Lake County, and Napa County 12 miles southeast of Middletown (Schulthess and Hildebrand in Kinsey coll.). Inskip and Vina (galls, Leach in Kinsey coll.). Scott Valley in Lake County (gall, P. Schulthess in Kinsey coll.). 7 miles southeast of Kelseyville (Hildebrand in Kinsey coll.). Kelseyville (P. Schulthess in Kinsey coll.). Clear Lake, Napa, and Diablo (Leach in Kinsey coll.). Sonoma County (in U.S. Nat. Mus.). Sacramento (gall, in Kinsey coll.). Marin County (Koebele, types). Walnut Creek (C. T. Dodds in Kinsey coll.). Woodland (gall, L. Ewart in Kinsey coll.). Stanford University (McCracken in Mus. Comp. Zool.). Morgan Hill (gall, G. Reed & Z. Cunningham in Kinsey coll.). San José (Patterson acc. Fullaway 1911). Byron, Paso Robles and Three Rivers (Kinsey coll.). El Portal (gall, Silvestri in Kinsey coll.). Klink on St. Johns River, and Dinuba (L. H. Powell in Kinsey coll.). Hanford (E, O. Essig in Kinsey coll.). Tulare (O. E. Brown in Kinsey coll.).
Probably thruout the Great Valley of California, wherever Q. lobata occurs. Figure 23.
TYPES.—7 females and numerous galls in the U.S. National Museum, Cat. No. 3081. From Marin County, California; bred December 19, 21, and 24, 1895; from Q. lobata (wrongly determined as Q. douglasii by Ashmead).
The present re-descriptions are studies of all the type material compared with numerous series from Central California.
The gall of this agamic form is common on the valley white oak, Quercus lobata, thruout the Great Valley of California. The young galls appear late in June (June 28, 1927, near Kelseyville, and July 6 at Diablo in 1922), and many of them are fully grown by the middle of August. Galls collected on September 10 (at Inskip in 1925) were fully grown, but the insects were still so young they could not be bred after collecting. The larvae mature sometime after the first of Oc-
