mosa. The insects of this Jacumba material vary somewhat in color, averaging darker than the types of dumosae, suggesting that another variety, perhaps centering in Lower California, interbreeds with typical dumosae on the California-Mexican border; but our present data do not yet warrant the recognition of such a variety. In the San Bernardino area the present variety seems to be replaced by another insect, variety mista.
From galls collected by Miss Stanley at Jacumba four insects emerged (out-of-doors at Bloomington, Indiana) on January 7 (1927). The type material was collected near Upland on February 3 (in 1920), when the galls showed that many of the insects had previously emerged, altho other adults emerged on that day and still later. All the gall makers had emerged from the galls collected later in February at several other points in southern California. Thus, emergence is later with this insect than with the more northern varieties of the same species.
I have no further data on the life history of dumosae. The more northern varieties of the species have two, alternating generations, but it is possible that this southern variety has but one, an agamic generation each year. Such a condition certainly exists among some of the other Cynipidae of southern California, the young galls appearing in February and March a few weeks after the agamic adults have emerged from the practically identical galls of the previous generation. In addition to the undescribed variety indicated by our Jacumba material, galls of still another segregate of echinus were collected at extreme southern points in California. It occurs on Q. dumosa and its range overlaps that of variety dumosae near the town of Alpine.
Cynips echinus variety mista, new variety agamic form
Figures 26, 150, 184
Cynips echinus var. D Kinsey, 1927, Field and Lab. Manual in,Biol.: 104.
FEMALE.—Very dark rufous to piceous and black, the entire antenna and all the legs dark rufo-black; foveal groove sparingly rugose at bottom; clouded patches in both cubital and discoidal cells distinct; length 2.4 mm. Figure 184.
