CHAPTER XII.
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS, BOARDS, AND COMMISSIONS.
Administration.In the last chapter we considered, in addition to the chief executive, the more important executive officers elected by the people. A study of the executive department of government, however, must be made to include that numerous and important group of officials known as the administrative officers. We frequently speak of the Governor and the chief State officers as the administration. But in addition to these there is a large number of individuals or groups of individuals usually receiving their offices by appointment, who perform duties prescribed by the legislature. These administrative organs are generally designated as boards, commissions, inspectors, commissioners, wardens, or superintendents.
The Chief Boards.The chief of these administrative organs are: the Board of Control of State Institutions, the State Board of Education, and the Board of Railroad Commissioners. Prior to July 1, 1898, there existed in Iowa a large number of separate boards, each charged with the care and administration of some particular institution established either for the purpose of maintaining social order
