every civilized country of the world in awakening to a realization of the fact of the necessity and advantages of schools of law. Even Japan has a law school in which a thousand students are to-day engaged in studying the English system of jurisprudence. Upon the continent of Europe the law school has always been deemed indispensable. Bologna, now the most ancient University in existence, was originally purely a law university, and law so predominated there that students of arts and of medicine were admitted only by enrolment in the law university, and on swearing obedience to its officers. Padua was likewise originally a law university, as were all the other Italian Universities with the possible exception of Salerno and perhaps Perugia. In France, Orleans, Bourges, and Poitiers are said to have been distinctively law universities; while Paris was distinctively a philosophical and theological university, although law
was represented there. The fact is, and has been for centuries, that in most of the countries of Europe men enter the profession of the law through the Universities. But as recently as 1850, when Professor Amos came to the chair of English Law in the famous old University of Cambridge, the class of English Law in that institution could be counted on the fingers of one hand. It consisted of one A.M., one A.B., and two undergraduates. Of course the Inns of Court constituted a species of law school, and date back to an early period in English history,—that of Lincoln's Inn to the time of Edward II., and that of Gray's Inn to the time of Edward III. They were moreover well attended, as we learn from Chancellor Fortescue. But they were a poor apology for the modern law school as we know it in the United States or as it is known in Germany. In the Inns of Court young men "dined" themselves into the profession. Within the last ten
