until 1867, when he removed to Lancaster and formed a partnership with the Hon. Ossian Ray, which continued until his appointment to the bench of the Supreme Court in 1870. In 1874 he was made one of three judges of judica ture, continuing on the bench until the Repub lican overturn in 1876, when the courts were again remodelled, and he retired to practise in Lan caster, forming a partnership with Gen. Everett Fletcher. In 1883 he was a representative of the Legislature, and in the fall of that year was made reporter of Supreme Court decisions. He held the latter office until his death. He received the degree of LL.D. from Dartmouth in 1887.
REVIEWS. Johns Hopkins University Studies. Ninth Series, V.-VI. : " The Communes of Lombardy from the Sixth to the Ninth Century." In this interesting paper Mr. William Klapp Williams in vestigates the causes which led to the development of municipal unity among the Lombard Com munes from the time of the conquest of Northern Italy by the Lombards under Alboin in 568.
We have received from Walter B. Hill, Esq.. Macon, Ga., a copy of "The Land Pirates," a narrative of the great conspiracy and murder case recently terminated in the Federal Court at Macon. The case is one of peculiar interest, not only in the facts as brought out at the trial, but in the question as to jurisdiction involved. Mr. Hill writes : " It seems to me that the proposition on which the prosecution was based is valid; namely, that a conspiracy to deter a non-resident from the exercise of his rights as a suitor in the Federal Courts by assassinating his local agents is a crime under the Federal Statute." The place of honor as the leading article in the May Arena is given to " The Wheat Supply of Europe and America," by C. Wood Davis; but the reader will undoubtedly find a deeper in terest in the perusal of Prof. Emil Blum's " Russia of To-day," in which the author gives a descrip tion of Russia and Russian conditions obtained from personal experience. Julian Hawthorne and
Rev. Minot J. Savage discuss the question, " Is Spiritualism worth Investigating?" Max O'Rell contributes a paper on "The Anglo-Saxon 'Unco' Guid.' " The other contents are : " What is Juda ism? " by Prof. Abram S. Isaacs; " The Survival of Faith," by Dr. Henry D. Chapin; " Thomas Jef ferson," by E. P. Powell; " New Testament Inspiration," by Prof. J. W. McGarvey; "An Interesting Social Experiment," by Frank L. King; "The Family Tree of the Malungeons," by Will Allen Dromgoogle; " At a Patriarch's Ball " (Noname paper). The May Century begins a new volume; and in it are begun several new features of what the Century calls its " summer campaign." "The Squirrel Inn," by Frank R. Stockton, is one of the principal and most popular of these new features. The long promised papers (two in num ber) on the Court of the Czar Nicholas I. are now begun, the frontispiece of the magazine being a portrait of the Emperor Nicholas. These papers are by the late George Mifflin Dallas. " Pioneer Mining Life in California " is a description from personal experience of adventures and mining methods in 1849, on the tributaries of the Sacra mento River and of the Trinity. Mrs. Amelia Gere Mason's articles on the " Salons of the Em pire and Restoration " are concluded in the pres ent number. Among the separate papers none is more striking than that of ¥. Hopkinson Smith, on " A Bulgarian Opera BoufTe." The first article in the number is a paper by C. F. Holder, entitled "Game- Fishes of the Florida Reef," strikingly illustrated after sketches by the author. Ex-Minister John Bigelow gives a chapter of secret his tory which he calls " The Confederate Diplomatists and their Shirt of Nessus." Other interesting papers are those on " Visible Sound " by the Eng lish singer, Mrs. Margaret Watts Hughes, with comment by Mrs. S. B. Herrick of the Century staff. Besides the beginning of Mr. Stockton's story, the Century includes further chapters of Dr. Eggleston's " Faith Doctor; " the story " Old Gus Lawson," by Richard Malcolm Johnston; and "In Beaver Cove," by Matt Crim. Harper's Magazine for May opens with the first of a series of attractive papers on "The Warwickshire Avon," by A. T. Quiller Couch, superbly illustrated by Alfred Parsons. The ven-
